सभा

See also: सभी

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सभा (sabhā).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Hindi) IPA^(key): /sə.bʱɑː/, [sɐ.bʱäː]

Noun

सभा • (sabhā) f (Urdu spelling سبھا)

1. assembly, council
2. meeting

   सभा समाप्त होने पर हम दोनों गाड़ी से लौटे

   sabhā samāpt hone par ham donõ gāṛī se lauṭe

   Once the meeting had ended, we both returned to the car

3. association

Declension

Declension of सभा (fem ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सभा sabhā	सभाएँ sabhāẽ
oblique	सभा sabhā	सभाओं sabhāõ
vocative	सभा sabhā	सभाओ sabhāo

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “सभा”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “सभा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सभा (sabhā).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sə.bʱa/

Noun

सभा • (sabhā) f

1. meeting, assembly

   Synonym: बैठक (baiṭhak)

2. conference

Declension

Declension of सभा (fem ā-stem)

	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	सभा sabhā	सभा sabhā
oblique सामान्यरूप	सभे sabhe	सभां- sabhāṁ
accusative / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	सभेला sabhelā	सभांना sabhāṁnā
ergative	सभेने, सभेनं sabhene, sabhena	सभांनी sabhāṁnī
instrumental	सभेशी sabheśī	सभांशी sabhāṁśī
locative सप्तमी	सभेत sabhet	सभांत sabhāṁta
vocative संबोधन	सभे sabhe	सभांनो sabhāṁno

Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of सभा (fem ā-stem)

	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	सभेचा sabhecā	सभेचे sabhece	सभेची sabhecī	सभेच्या sabhecyā	सभेचे, सभेचं sabhece, sabheca	सभेची sabhecī	सभेच्या sabhecyā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	सभांचा sabhāṁcā	सभांचे sabhāṁce	सभांची sabhāṁcī	सभांच्या sabhāṁcyā	सभांचे, सभांचं sabhāṁce, sabhāṁca	सभांची sabhāṁcī	सभांच्या sabhāṁcyā

^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• सभापती (sabhāptī, “chairman”)
• सभासद (sabhāsad, “member”)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983), “सभा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• sabhā (Latin script)
• 𑀲𑀪𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• সভা (Bengali script)
• සභා (Sinhalese script)
• သဘာ or သꧤႃ (Burmese script)
• สภา or สะภา (Thai script)
• ᩈᨽᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ສຠາ or ສະຠາ (Lao script)
• សភា (Khmer script)
• 𑄥𑄞𑄂 (Chakma script)

Noun

सभा f

1. Devanagari script form of sabhā

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• সভা (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬪᬵ (Balinese script)
• সভা (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰥𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑀪𑀸 (Brahmi script)
• သဘာ (Burmese script)
• સભા (Gujarati script)
• ਸਭਾ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑌭𑌾 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦨꦴ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂦𑂰 (Kaithi script)
• ಸಭಾ (Kannada script)
• សភា (Khmer script)
• ສຠາ (Lao script)
• സഭാ (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᠠᢨᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘥𑘰 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠠᠪᠾᠠ᠋᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧅𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑐨𑐵 (Newa script)
• ସଭା (Odia script)
• ꢱꢩꢵ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆨𑆳 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖥𑖯 (Siddham script)
• සභා (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑩳𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚡𑚭 (Takri script)
• ஸப⁴ா (Tamil script)
• సభా (Telugu script)
• สภา (Thai script)
• ས་བྷཱ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑒦𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨡𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Often analyzed as स- (sa-, “with”) +‎ भाष् (bhāṣ, “to speak”), taking the primary meaning as "colloquium", with the final consonant dropping out. However, the original meaning was probably "building", whence the current meaning of "assembly, hall", which would make this interpretation difficult to accept. Alternative connections to Proto-Germanic *sibjō (“relationship”), whence German Sippe (“clan”), and to Iranian are unconvincing.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɐ.bʱɑ́ː/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐ.bʱɑː/

Noun

स॒भा • (sabhā́) stem, f

1. an assembly, congregation, meeting, council, public audience
2. social party, society, good society
3. a place for public meetings, large assembly-room or hall, palace, court of a king or of justice, council-chamber, gambling-house
4. a house for lodging and accommodating travellers
5. (Christianity) a church

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of स॒भा

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	स॒भा (sabhā́)	स॒भे (sabhé)	स॒भाः (sabhā́ḥ)
accusative	स॒भाम् (sabhā́m)	स॒भे (sabhé)	स॒भाः (sabhā́ḥ)
instrumental	स॒भया॑ (sabháyā) स॒भा¹ (sabhā́¹)	स॒भाभ्या॑म् (sabhā́bhyām)	स॒भाभिः॑ (sabhā́bhiḥ)
dative	स॒भायै॑ (sabhā́yai)	स॒भाभ्या॑म् (sabhā́bhyām)	स॒भाभ्यः॑ (sabhā́bhyaḥ)
ablative	स॒भायाः॑ (sabhā́yāḥ) स॒भायै॑² (sabhā́yai²)	स॒भाभ्या॑म् (sabhā́bhyām)	स॒भाभ्यः॑ (sabhā́bhyaḥ)
genitive	स॒भायाः॑ (sabhā́yāḥ) स॒भायै॑² (sabhā́yai²)	स॒भयोः॑ (sabháyoḥ)	स॒भाना॑म् (sabhā́nām)
locative	स॒भाया॑म् (sabhā́yām)	स॒भयोः॑ (sabháyoḥ)	स॒भासु॑ (sabhā́su)
vocative	सभे॑ (sábhe)	सभे॑ (sábhe)	सभाः॑ (sábhāḥ)

• ¹Vedic
• ²Brāhmaṇas

Derived terms

• देवसभा (devasabhā)
• धर्मसभा (dharmasabhā)
• सभेय (sabheya)
• सभ्य (sabhya)

Descendants

• Assamese: সভা (xobha)
• Bengali: সভা (śobha)
• Hindi: सभा (sabhā)
• Pali: sabhā
  • → Old Khmer: សភា
    • Khmer: សភា (saʼphiə)
    • → Lao: ສະພາ (sa phā)
    • Middle Khmer: សុភា
      • Khmer: សុភា (sophiə)
      • → Thai: สุภา (sù-paa)
    • → Northern Thai: ᩈᨽᩣ
    • → Shan: သၽႃး (sǎ pháa)
    • → Thai: สภา (sà-paa)
• → Malayalam: സഭ (sabha) (semi-learned)
• Marathi: सभा (sabhā)
• → Old Javanese: sabhā
  • Javanese: saba, séba
  • → Balinese: saba
• → Telugu: సభ (sabha)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899), “सभा”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1151, column 2.