Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-inōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Formed from the singular oblique stem of masculine n-stems: *-in- + *-ōną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.nɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*-inōną

1. Creates denominatives from nouns referring to persons, meaning to be or perform the duties of that person.

Inflection

Conjugation of *-inōną (weak class 2)

	active voice				passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*-inō	*-inǭ	—		*-inōi	?
2nd singular	*-inōsi	*-inōs	*-inō		*-inōsai	*-inōsau
3rd singular	*-inōþi	*-inō	*-inōþau		*-inōþai	*-inōþau
1st dual	*-inōs	*-inōw	—		—	—
2nd dual	*-inōþiz	*-inōþiz	*-inōþiz		—	—
1st plural	*-inōmaz	*-inōm	—		*-inōnþai	*-inōnþau
2nd plural	*-inōþ	*-inōþ	*-inōþ		*-inōnþai	*-inōnþau
3rd plural	*-inōnþi	*-inōn	*-inōnþau		*-inōnþai	*-inōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*-inōdǭ	*-inōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*-inōdēz	*-inōdēdīz
3rd singular	*-inōdē	*-inōdēdī
1st dual	*-inōdēdū	*-inōdēdīw
2nd dual	*-inōdēdudiz	*-inōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*-inōdēdum	*-inōdēdīm
2nd plural	*-inōdēdud	*-inōdēdīd
3rd plural	*-inōdēdun	*-inōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*-inōndz	*-inōdaz

Derived terms

Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-inōną

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/airinōną

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-inassuz

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lēkinōną

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/līkinōną

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wainōną

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wilinōną

Descendants

This suffix was probably only marginally productive in Proto-Germanic, and was eventually fossilised altogether.

• Proto-West Germanic: *-inōn
  • Old English: -nian
    • Middle English: -nien, -enien, -nen, -enen
      • English: -en
      • Scots: -in, -en
  • Old Frisian: -nia
    • Saterland Frisian: -enje
    • West Frisian: -enje
  • Old Saxon: *inōn, -nōn
    • Middle Low German: -enen
  • Old Dutch: *inon
    • Middle Dutch: -enen
  • Old High German: -inōn, -anōn
    • Middle High German: -enen, -nen
• Old Norse: -na
  • Icelandic: -na
  • Norwegian Bokmål: -ne
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: -ne
  • Swedish: -na
  • Danish: -ne
• Gothic: -𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽 (-inōn)

See also

• *-isōną