-nia

See also: Appendix:Variations of "nia"

Hungarian

Etymology

From -ni (infinitive suffix) +‎ -a (third-person singular personal suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nijɒ]

Suffix

-nia

1. (conjugated infinitive suffix) Forms the third-person singular and the second-person singular formal of an infinitive.

   tanulni (“to study”) →

   Jánosnak most tanulnia kell. ― János has to study now.

   Önnek/magának most tanulnia kell. ― You (formal) have to study.

Usage notes

• The conjugated infinitive denotes action connected to the person. The non-conjugated infinitive has a general meaning:

  Itt nem szabad dohányoznia. ― S/he is not allowed to smoke here. (third person)

  Itt nem szabad dohányozni. ― Smoking is not allowed here. (general)

• With words like “important, necessary” etc., it is expressed in English as “for him/her to…”.

  Fontos eljönnie. ― It is important for him/her to come here. or It is important that s/he come here.

• Variants:

  -nia is added to back-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni

  rohanni (“to run”) → Rohannia kell. ― He/she has to run.

  -nie is added to front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni

  nevetni (“to laugh”) → Nevetnie kell. ― He/she has to laugh.

  főzni (“to cook”) → Főznie kell. ― He/she has to cook.

  -ania is added to back-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ani

  tanítani (“to teach”) → Tanítania kell. ― He/she has to teach.

  -enie is added to front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -eni

  veszíteni (“to lose”) → Súlyt kell veszítenie. ― He/she has to lose weight.

    Conjugated infinitive – personal endings

Person		Back vowel	Front vowel
			unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-nom	-nem	-nöm
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anom	-enem
te	2nd person singular	-nod	-ned	-nöd
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anod	-ened
ő maga ön	3rd person singular	-nia	-nie
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-ania	-enie
mi	1st person plural	-nunk	-nünk
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anunk	-enünk
ti	2nd person plural	-notok	-netek	-nötök
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anotok	-enetek
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural	-niuk	-niük
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-aniuk	-eniük
	archaic/dialectal	-niok	-niök

See also

• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-ьňà.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /ɲa/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ɲa/

Suffix

-nia f

1. forms feminine nouns, often but not always denoting places

Derived terms

Old Polish terms suffixed with -nia

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish -nia.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɲa/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: nia

Suffix

-nia f

1. forms feminine nouns, often but not always denoting places

   ‎głos + ‎-nia → ‎głośnia

Declension

Declension of -nia

	singular	plural
nominative	-nia	-nie
genitive	-nii	-nii/-nij (archaic)
dative	-nii	-niom
accusative	-nię	-nie
instrumental	-nią	-niami
locative	-nii	-niach
vocative	-nio	-nie

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -nia