-enie

Hungarian

From -e- (linking vowel) +‎ -nie (conjugated infinitive suffix).

-enie

(conjugated infinitive suffix) Forms the third-person singular and the second-person singular formal of an infinitive.
veszíteni (“to lose”) → Súlyt kell veszítenie. ― He/she has to lose weight. / You (formal) have to lose weight.

The conjugated infinitive denotes action connected to the person. The non-conjugated infinitive has a general meaning:
Itt nem szabad dohányoznia. ― S/he is not allowed to smoke here. (third person)

Itt nem szabad dohányozni. ― Smoking is not allowed here. (general)
With words like “important, necessary” etc., it is expressed in English as “for him/her to…”.
Fontos eljönnie. ― It is important for him/her to come here. or It is important that s/he come here.
Variants:
-nia is added to back-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni
rohanni (“to run”) → Rohannia kell. ― He/she has to run.

-nie is added to front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ni
nevetni (“to laugh”) → Nevetnie kell. ― He/she has to laugh.

főzni (“to cook”) → Főznie kell. ― He/she has to cook.

-ania is added to back-vowel words that form their infinitive with -ani
tanítani (“to teach”) → Tanítania kell. ― He/she has to teach.

-enie is added to front-vowel words that form their infinitive with -eni
veszíteni (“to lose”) → Súlyt kell veszítenie. ― He/she has to lose weight.

Conjugated infinitive – personal endings

Person		Back vowel	Front vowel
Person		Back vowel	unrounded	rounded
én	1st person singular	-nom	-nem	-nöm
én	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anom	-enem
te	2nd person singular	-nod	-ned	-nöd
te	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anod	-ened
ő maga ön	3rd person singular	-nia	-nie
ő maga ön	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-ania	-enie
mi	1st person plural	-nunk	-nünk
mi	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anunk	-enünk
ti	2nd person plural	-notok	-netek	-nötök
ti	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-anotok	-enetek
ők maguk önök	3rd person plural	-niuk	-niük
	after two consonants or a long vowel + t	-aniuk	-eniük
	archaic/dialectal	-niok	-niök