Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/taikijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Causative in *-janą to *taik(k)ōną (see Proto-West Germanic *taigōn), from Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ- (“to show, instruct, tell, point out, explain”) +‎ *-néh₂ti; the Germanic *k rather than expected *h or *g is thus due to Kluge's law. Cognate with Latin dīcō (“speak, say, tell”), Ancient Greek δείκνυμι (deíknumi, “show, point out, explain, teach”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɑi̯.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*taikijaną

1. (West Germanic) to show, point out, demonstrate; to teach

Inflection

Conjugation of *taikijaną (weak class 1 j-present)

	active voice				passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative		indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*taikijō	*taikijaų	—		*taikijai	?
2nd singular	*taikīsi	*taikijais	*taikī		*taikijasai	*taikijaisau
3rd singular	*taikīþi	*taikijai	*taikijaþau		*taikijaþai	*taikijaiþau
1st dual	*taikijōs	*taikijaiw	—		—	—
2nd dual	*taikijaþiz	*taikijaiþiz	*taikijaþiz		—	—
1st plural	*taikijamaz	*taikijaim	—		*taikijanþai	*taikijainþau
2nd plural	*taikīþ	*taikijaiþ	*taikīþ		*taikijanþai	*taikijainþau
3rd plural	*taikijanþi	*taikijain	*taikijanþau		*taikijanþai	*taikijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*taihtǭ	*taihtēdį̄
2nd singular	*taihtēz	*taihtēdīz
3rd singular	*taihtē	*taihtēdī
1st dual	*taihtēdū	*taihtēdīw
2nd dual	*taihtēdudiz	*taihtēdīdiz
1st plural	*taihtēdum	*taihtēdīm
2nd plural	*taihtēdud	*taihtēdīd
3rd plural	*taihtēdun	*taihtēdīn
	present	past
participles	*taikijandz	*taikidaz

Derived terms

• *taikną

Related terms

• *taikōną
• *tīhaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *taikijan
  • Old English: tǣċan
    • Middle English: techen
      • English: teach
      • Scots: teich
      • Yola: teach
  • Old Frisian: *tēka, *tētza
    • ⇒? Saterland Frisian: tekend, teekend
  • Old Saxon: *tēkian
    • >? Middle Low German: têken
      • German Low German: teken
  • Old Dutch: *teiken
    • >? Middle Dutch: teken