Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)teg-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*(s)teg- (imperfective)^[1]^[2]

to cover

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)teg- (cover) (46 c, 0 e)

*(s)tég-e-ti (root present)
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: στέγω (stégō)
- Proto-Italic: *tegō
  - Latin: tegō
  - ⇒? Umbrian: 𐌕𐌄𐌇𐌕𐌄𐌛𐌉𐌌 (tehteřim, acc. sg.) (< *tekt-edjo-)
*(s)tḗg-s-t ~ *(s)tég-s-n̥t (*s-aorist)^[1]
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: στέξαι (stéxai)
- Proto-Italic:
  - Latin: tēxī
*(s)tog-éye-ti (causative/iterative)
- Proto-Celtic: *togīti (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *stʰagáyati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *stʰagáyati
    - Sanskrit: स्थगयति (sthagayati) (probably unrelated^[3])
*(s)tḗg-s (root noun)
- Proto-Celtic: *tīxs
  - Old Irish: tí
*teg-dʰleh₂
- Proto-Italic:
  - Latin: tēgula (see there for further descendants)
*tég-mn̥
- Proto-Italic:
  - Latin: tegmen, tegimen, tegumen (with epenthetic -i- -u-)
*teg-no-
- Proto-Italic: *tegnom
  - Latin: tignum
*steg-nós
- Proto-Hellenic: *stegnós
  - Ancient Greek: στεγνός (stegnós), στεγανός (steganós)
*(s)tég-os
- Proto-Albanian: *tāga
  - Albanian: tog
    - Albanian: toger
- Proto-Celtic: *tegos (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *(s)tégos
  - Ancient Greek: στέγος (stégos), τέγος (tégos)
    - ⇒ Translingual: Stegosaurus
*teg-ur-yo-
- Proto-Italic:
  - Latin: tugurium, tegurium, tigurium
*tég-us (“thick”)
*tog-éh₂
- Proto-Italic: *togā
  - Latin: toga
  - South Picene: 𐌕𐌏𐌊𐌀𐌌 (tokam)
*(s)tog-o-
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *stāgas
  - Latgalian: stogs
  - Latvian: stâgs (“roof”)
  - Lithuanian: stógas (“roof”)
  - Samogitian: stuogs (“roof”)
  - Old Prussian: stogis (“roof”)
- Proto-Celtic: *togos (“roof”)
  - Brythonic:
    - Breton: to
    - Welsh: to
- Proto-Germanic: *þaką, *þakjaną, *þakinō (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

Proto-Celtic: *entogos (< *h₁én-togo-)
- Old Irish: étach (“clothing”)
  - Irish: éadach
  - Manx: eaddagh
  - Scottish Gaelic: aodach
Proto-Celtic: *togyā^[4] (< *tog-yeh₂) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *táktas
- Proto-Iranian: *táxtah
  - Middle Persian: tʾht' (taxt) (see there for further descendants)
  - Khotanese: 𐨟𐨿𐨟𐨁𐨌 (ttī, “abode, covered place, nest”)
>? Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Iranian: *tāgah (“arch, vault”)
  - Middle Iranian: *tāk
    - → Arabic: طَاق (ṭāq)
  - Middle Persian: tʾg (/⁠tāg⁠/)
    - Persian: طاق (see there for further descendants)

Root

*(s)teg- (possibly a specialization of the above root 'to cover'^[2])

pole, stick, beam

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)teg- (pole) (4 c, 0 e)

*stog-eh₂
- Proto-Germanic: *stakô (see there for further descendants)
*stog-nos
- Proto-Germanic: *stakkaz (see there for further descendants)
^? *teg-slom
- Proto-Italic: *tekslom
  - Latin: tēlum (see there for further descendants)
*teg-nom^[5]
- Proto-Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: թակն (tʻakn)
- Proto-Italic: *tegnom
  - Latin: tignum

Unsorted formations

>? Proto-Slavic: *stogъ (“stack, rick”) (or from *stogʰ-o-s^[6]) (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 589
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 634-6
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “στέγω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1393
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*tegos-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 376
^ Lidén, Evald (1905–1906), “Baumnamen und Verwandtes”, in Indogermanische Forschungen‎^[1] (in German), volume 18, pages 498–500
^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*stogъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 468

Proto-Indo-European

Root

Derived terms

Root

Derived terms

References

Further reading