طاق

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ط و ق (ṭ w q)
4 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tˤaː.qa/

Verb

طَاقَ • (ṭāqa) I (non-past يَطُوقُ (yaṭūqu), verbal noun طَوْق (ṭawq) or طَاقَة (ṭāqa))

1. to be able to do (something) (to be capable of doing)
2. to be able to do (something) (to be in a position to do)
3. to bear, to tolerate

   Synonym: اِحْتَمَل (iḥtamal)

Conjugation

Conjugation of طَاقَ (I, hollow, a ~ u, full passive, verbal nouns طَوْق, طَاقَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						طَوْق, طَاقَة ṭawq, ṭāqa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						طَائِق ṭāʔiq
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَطُوق maṭūq
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى				plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past indicative (perfect) الْمَاضِي	m	طُقْتُ ṭuqtu	طُقْتَ ṭuqta	طَاقَ ṭāqa		طُقْنَا ṭuqnā	طُقْتُمَا ṭuqtumā	طَاقَا ṭāqā		طُقْنَا ṭuqnā	طُقْتُمْ ṭuqtum	طَاقُوا ṭāqū
	f		طُقْتِ ṭuqti	طَاقَتْ ṭāqat				طَاقَتَا ṭāqatā			طُقْتُنَّ ṭuqtunna	طُقْنَ ṭuqna
non-past indicative (imperfect) الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَطُوقُ ʔaṭūqu	تَطُوقُ taṭūqu	يَطُوقُ yaṭūqu		نَطُوقُ naṭūqu	تَطُوقَانِ taṭūqāni	يَطُوقَانِ yaṭūqāni		نَطُوقُ naṭūqu	تَطُوقُونَ taṭūqūna	يَطُوقُونَ yaṭūqūna
	f		تَطُوقِينَ taṭūqīna	تَطُوقُ taṭūqu				تَطُوقَانِ taṭūqāni			تَطُقْنَ taṭuqna	يَطُقْنَ yaṭuqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَطُوقَ ʔaṭūqa	تَطُوقَ taṭūqa	يَطُوقَ yaṭūqa		نَطُوقَ naṭūqa	تَطُوقَا taṭūqā	يَطُوقَا yaṭūqā		نَطُوقَ naṭūqa	تَطُوقُوا taṭūqū	يَطُوقُوا yaṭūqū
	f		تَطُوقِي taṭūqī	تَطُوقَ taṭūqa				تَطُوقَا taṭūqā			تَطُقْنَ taṭuqna	يَطُقْنَ yaṭuqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَطُقْ ʔaṭuq	تَطُقْ taṭuq	يَطُقْ yaṭuq		نَطُقْ naṭuq	تَطُوقَا taṭūqā	يَطُوقَا yaṭūqā		نَطُقْ naṭuq	تَطُوقُوا taṭūqū	يَطُوقُوا yaṭūqū
	f		تَطُوقِي taṭūqī	تَطُقْ taṭuq				تَطُوقَا taṭūqā			تَطُقْنَ taṭuqna	يَطُقْنَ yaṭuqna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		طُقْ ṭuq				طُوقَا ṭūqā				طُوقُوا ṭūqū
	f		طُوقِي ṭūqī								طُقْنَ ṭuqna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى				plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past indicative (perfect) الْمَاضِي	m	طِقْتُ ṭiqtu	طِقْتَ ṭiqta	طِيقَ ṭīqa		طِقْنَا ṭiqnā	طِقْتُمَا ṭiqtumā	طِيقَا ṭīqā		طِقْنَا ṭiqnā	طِقْتُمْ ṭiqtum	طِيقُوا ṭīqū
	f		طِقْتِ ṭiqti	طِيقَتْ ṭīqat				طِيقَتَا ṭīqatā			طِقْتُنَّ ṭiqtunna	طِقْنَ ṭiqna
non-past indicative (imperfect) الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُطَاقُ ʔuṭāqu	تُطَاقُ tuṭāqu	يُطَاقُ yuṭāqu		نُطَاقُ nuṭāqu	تُطَاقَانِ tuṭāqāni	يُطَاقَانِ yuṭāqāni		نُطَاقُ nuṭāqu	تُطَاقُونَ tuṭāqūna	يُطَاقُونَ yuṭāqūna
	f		تُطَاقِينَ tuṭāqīna	تُطَاقُ tuṭāqu				تُطَاقَانِ tuṭāqāni			تُطَقْنَ tuṭaqna	يُطَقْنَ yuṭaqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُطَاقَ ʔuṭāqa	تُطَاقَ tuṭāqa	يُطَاقَ yuṭāqa		نُطَاقَ nuṭāqa	تُطَاقَا tuṭāqā	يُطَاقَا yuṭāqā		نُطَاقَ nuṭāqa	تُطَاقُوا tuṭāqū	يُطَاقُوا yuṭāqū
	f		تُطَاقِي tuṭāqī	تُطَاقَ tuṭāqa				تُطَاقَا tuṭāqā			تُطَقْنَ tuṭaqna	يُطَقْنَ yuṭaqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُطَقْ ʔuṭaq	تُطَقْ tuṭaq	يُطَقْ yuṭaq		نُطَقْ nuṭaq	تُطَاقَا tuṭāqā	يُطَاقَا yuṭāqā		نُطَقْ nuṭaq	تُطَاقُوا tuṭāqū	يُطَاقُوا yuṭāqū
	f		تُطَاقِي tuṭāqī	تُطَقْ tuṭaq				تُطَاقَا tuṭāqā			تُطَقْنَ tuṭaqna	يُطَقْنَ yuṭaqna

Etymology 2

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-der.

Middle Iranianbor.

Arabic طاق

Borrowed from Middle Iranian *tāk (“arch”); compare Middle Persian [script needed] (tʾg /⁠tāg⁠/, “arch”). Ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *teg- (“to cover; roof”), and akin to Latin toga (“garment”) and Ancient Greek στέγος (stégos, “roof”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tˤaːq/

Noun

طَاق • (ṭāq) m (plural طِيقَان (ṭīqān))

1. arch

Declension

Declension of noun طَاق (ṭāq)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	طَاق ṭāq	الطَّاق aṭ-ṭāq	طَاق ṭāq
nominative	طَاقٌ ṭāqun	الطَّاقُ aṭ-ṭāqu	طَاقُ ṭāqu
accusative	طَاقًا ṭāqan	الطَّاقَ aṭ-ṭāqa	طَاقَ ṭāqa
genitive	طَاقٍ ṭāqin	الطَّاقِ aṭ-ṭāqi	طَاقِ ṭāqi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	طَاقَيْن ṭāqayn	الطَّاقَيْن aṭ-ṭāqayn	طَاقَيْ ṭāqay
nominative	طَاقَانِ ṭāqāni	الطَّاقَانِ aṭ-ṭāqāni	طَاقَا ṭāqā
accusative	طَاقَيْنِ ṭāqayni	الطَّاقَيْنِ aṭ-ṭāqayni	طَاقَيْ ṭāqay
genitive	طَاقَيْنِ ṭāqayni	الطَّاقَيْنِ aṭ-ṭāqayni	طَاقَيْ ṭāqay
plural	basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	طِيقَان ṭīqān	الطِّيقَان aṭ-ṭīqān	طِيقَان ṭīqān
nominative	طِيقَانٌ ṭīqānun	الطِّيقَانُ aṭ-ṭīqānu	طِيقَانُ ṭīqānu
accusative	طِيقَانًا ṭīqānan	الطِّيقَانَ aṭ-ṭīqāna	طِيقَانَ ṭīqāna
genitive	طِيقَانٍ ṭīqānin	الطِّيقَانِ aṭ-ṭīqāni	طِيقَانِ ṭīqāni

Derived terms

• طَاقَة (ṭāqa, “window”)

Descendants

• → Ottoman Turkish: طاق (tak)
  • Turkish: tak
  • Serbo-Croatian: tȁk / та̏к
• → Classical Persian: طَاق (tāq), تاق (tâq)
  • → Armenian: թաղ (tʻaġ)
  • → Azerbaijani: tağ
  • → Georgian: თაღი (taɣi)
    • → Bats: თაღ class jj (taɣ)

References

• Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “طاق”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1894.

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ط ي ق
2 terms

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic طَاقَ (ṭāqa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tˤaːɡ/

Verb

طاق • (ṭāg) I (non-past يطيق (yiṭīg))

1. to bear

   Synonyms: اَسْتَحْمَل (astaḥmal), اتحمل (atḥammal)

   لازِم تِطِيقُه عَشان تِقْدَر تِشْتَغِل مَعاه

   lāzim tiṭīgu ʕašān tigdar tištaḡil maʕā

   You have to bear to be able to work with him

Conjugation

Conjugation of طاق

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	طقت (ṭigt)	طقت (ṭigt)	طاق (ṭāg)		طقنا (ṭigna)	طقتوا (ṭigtu)	طاقوا (ṭāgu)
	f		طقتي (ṭigti)	طاقت (ṭāgat)
non-past	m	أطيق (ʔaṭīg)	تطيق (tiṭīg)	يطيق (yiṭīg)		نطيق (niṭīg)	تطيقوا (tiṭīgu)	يطيقوا (yiṭīgu)
	f		تطيقي (tiṭīgi)	تطيق (tiṭīg)
imperative	m		طيق (ṭīg)				طيقوا (ṭīgu)
	f		طيقي (ṭīgi)

Ottoman Turkish

طاق

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-der.

Middle Iranianbor.

Arabic طَاق (ṭāq)bor.

Ottoman Turkish طاق

Borrowed from Arabic طَاق (ṭāq, “arch”).

Noun

طاق • (tak) (plural طیقان (tikan))

1. arch, a curved, vertical structure spanning an open space underneath it

   Synonym: كمر (kemer)

Derived terms

• طاق ازرق (tak-ı ezrak, “vault of the sky”)
• طاق بازیچه رنك (tak-ı baziçe-reng, “the spheres”)
• طاق طارم (tak-ı tarim, “vault of the sky”)
• طاقچه (takçe, “a little arch or vault”)

Descendants

• Turkish: tak
• Serbo-Croatian: tȁk / та̏к

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “tak4”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4546
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “tâk”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎ [Ottoman–Turkish Encyclopedic Dictionary]‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 1225
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “طاق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 792
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Arcuatum opus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 80
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “طاق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 3072
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “tak”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “طاق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1224

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈtaːq/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑ́ːq]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑ́ːq]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑ́ːq]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔ́ːq]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɒ́ːɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔ́q]

• Rhymes: -aːq

Readings
Classical reading?	tāq
Dari reading?	tāq
Iranian reading?	tâġ
Tajik reading?	toq

Etymology 1

طاق

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-der.

Middle Iranianbor.

Arabic طَاق (ṭāq)bor.

Persian طاق

Borrowed from Arabic طَاق (ṭāq), borrowed from a Middle Iranian language, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-.

Noun

طاق • (tāq / tâġ) (plural طاق‌ها (tāq-hā / tâġ-hâ), Tajik spelling тоқ)

1. vault, arch
   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 105:

     چشمم منورست ز محراب ابرویت
     از طاق زینت است بلی آبگینه را

     čašmam munawwar ast zi mihrāb-i abrūyat
     az tāq zīnat ast balē ābgīna rā

     My eyes are shining from the mihrab of your eyebrows;
     Yes, the beauty of the glass comes from the vault.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Alternative forms

• تاق (tâq)

Derived terms

• تاقچه (tâqče, “shelf”)
• طاق نصرت (tâq-e nosrat)
• طاقباز (tâqbâz)
• طاقدیس (tâq-dis, “anticline”)
• طاقدیسگان (tâq-dis-gân, “anticlinorium”)
• طاقدیسی (tâq-disi, “anticlinal”)
• طاق‌گون (tâq-gun, “antiform”)
• چارطاق (čârtâq)

Descendants

• → Armenian: թաղ (tʻaġ)
• → Azerbaijani: tağ
• → Georgian: თაღი (taɣi)
  • → Bats: თაღ class jj (taɣ)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic [Term?], itself borrowed from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (tʾk' /⁠tāg⁠/, “item; unit; single; branch”). Doublet of تا (tâ), which is inherited.

Adjective

طاق • (tāq / tâġ) (Tajik spelling тоқ)

1. (mathematics, uncommon) odd

   Synonym: فرد (fard)

   Antonym: زوج (zowj)

   عدد طاق ― adad-e tâq ― odd number

References

• Durkin-Meisterernst, Desmond (2004), “tʾg”, in A Dictionary of Manichaean Middle Persian and Parthian (Corpus Fontium Manichaeorum; 3.1), Turnhout: Brepols

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ط ي ق
1 term

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic طَاقَ (ṭāqa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tˤaːʔ/, [tˤɑːʔ]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

طاق • (ṭāʔ) I (present بطيق (biṭīʔ))

1. to endure, to stand, to bear

   Synonym: تحمّل (tḥammal)

Conjugation

Conjugation of طاق

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	طقت (ṭiʔt)	طقت (ṭiʔt)	طاق (ṭāʔ)		طقنا (ṭiʔna)	طقتو (ṭiʔtu)	طاقو (ṭāʔu)
	f		طقتي (ṭiʔti)	طاقت (ṭāʔat)
present	m	بطيق (baṭīʔ)	بتطيق (bitṭīʔ)	بطيق (biṭīʔ)		منطيق (minṭīʔ)	بتطيقو (bitṭīʔu)	بطيقو (biṭīʔu)
	f		بتطيقي (bitṭīʔi)	بتطيق (bitṭīʔ)
subjunctive	m	اطيق (aṭīʔ)	تطيق (tṭīʔ)	يطيق (yṭīʔ)		نطيق (nṭīʔ)	تطيقو (tṭīʔu)	يطيقو (yṭīʔu)
	f		تطيقي (tṭīʔi)	تطيق (tṭīʔ)
imperative	m		طيق (ṭīʔ)				طيقو (ṭīʔu)
	f		طيقي (ṭīʔi)

Tunisian Arabic

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic طَابِقٌ (ṭābiqun). For more on the plural form, compare those of نَار (nār) and كِاس (kēs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tˤɐːq]

Noun

طَاق (ṭāq) m (plural طِيقَان (ṭīqān))

1. floor, storey

   Synonym: اِتَاج (etāj)

Urdu

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-der.

Middle Iranianbor.

Arabic طَاق (ṭāq)bor.

Classical Persian طَاق (tāq)bor.

Urdu طاق

Borrowed from Classical Persian طَاق (tāq), borrowed from Arabic طَاق (ṭāq).

Noun

طَاق • (tāq) ? (Hindi spelling ताक़)

1. niche