Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *éitei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éyti (“to go”). Cognates include Lithuanian ei̇̃ti (“to go, walk”), Latin eō (“to go”).^[1]

The suppletive past participle stem *šьd- is likely from the same root as *xoditi, although the exact derivation of the form is problematic.^[2]

Verb

*jьti impf^[1]^[3]

to go

Conjugation

Conjugation of *jьti, *jьde, *jьdetь (impf., intr., suppletive -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*šьstьje	*jьti	*jьtъ	*šьdlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	—	—
Active	*šьdъ	*jьdy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*jьd(ox)ъ	*jьde	*jьde	*jьdǫ	*jьdeši	*jьdetь
Dual	*jьd(ox)ově	*jьd(e/os)ta	*jьd(e/os)te	*jьdevě	*jьdeta	*jьdete
Plural	*jьd(ox)omъ	*jьd(e/os)te	jьdǫ, jьdošę	*jьdemъ	*jьdete	*jьdǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*jьděaxъ	*jьděaše	*jьděaše	—	*jьdi	*jьdi
Dual	*jьděaxově	*jьděašeta	*jьděašete	*jьděvě	*jьděta	—
Plural	*jьděaxomъ	*jьděašete	*jьděaxǫ	*jьděmъ	*jьděte	—

Derived terms

*dojьti (“to arrive”)
*najьti (“to chance upon, to find”)
*niz(о)jьti (“to descend, to go down”)
*ob(о)jьti (“to go around, to evade”)
*perjьti (“to get across”)
*pojьti (“to depart”)
*prijьti (“to approach, to come towards”)
*projьti (“to pass by, to overpass”)
*vъz(o)jьti (“to accend, to go up”)
*zajьti (“to proceed”)

Descendants

ісці́ (iscí), идти́ (idtí), iść, ísť are back-formed from the present stem and/or after Proto-Slavic *sěsti (to sit).

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ити (iti)
  - Old Ruthenian: ити́ (ití), исти́ (istí)
    - Belarusian: ісці́ (iscí), йсці (jsci)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: ити́ (ytý)
    - Ukrainian: іти́ (itý), йти (jty)
  - Russian: идти́ (idtí)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  - Old Cyrillic script: ити (iti), шьды (šĭdy), -жды (-ždy)
  - Glagolitic script: ⰹⱅⰹ (iti)
- Bulgarian: и́да (ída), и́двам (ídvam)
- Macedonian: иде (ide)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  - Cyrillic script: ѝћи
  - Latin script: ìći
- Slovene: īti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: jíti
  - Czech: jít
- Old Polish: ić
  - Polish: iść (through regularization)
  - Silesian: iś, iść (through regularization)
- Slovak: ísť
- Polabian: ai̯t
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: jic
  - Slovincian: jyc
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: hić
  - Lower Sorbian: hyś

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*jiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 216: “v. ‘go’”
^ Kortlandt, Frederik (1988), “Remarks on Winter's law”, in Andre van Holk, editor, Dutch contributions to the 10th international congress of slavists, Sofia, Amsterdam: Rodopi
^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “iti: jьdǫ jьdetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b gå (PR 136)”

[EDSIL-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*jiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 216: “v. ‘go’”

[2] Kortlandt, Frederik (1988), “Remarks on Winter's law”, in Andre van Holk, editor, Dutch contributions to the 10th international congress of slavists, Sofia, Amsterdam: Rodopi

[3] Olander, Thomas (2001), “iti: jьdǫ jьdetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b gå (PR 136)”

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