Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sārïg

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Derivation from Proto-Turkic *sāŕ(ï)- (“to become white, yellow”) +‎ *-g. Oghur, Khalaj and Turkmen forms point to -/ā/-.

Compared to Proto-Mongolic *sïra (“yellow”) (Mongolian шар (šar, “yellow”)) and Proto-Japonic *siro (“white”) by Altaicists.

Adjective

*sārïg

1. yellow, white

Derived terms

• *sārïglïk (“jaundice”)
• *sārgar- (“to turn yellow”)

Descendants

• Oghur: *si̯arïγ (“white, yellow”)
  • →? Proto-Mongolic: *sïra
  • Khazar: *šar(ï)^?
    • Khazar: *šar(ï)-oγur
      • → Ancient Greek: Σαράγουροι (Sarágouroi, “Saragurs”)
      • → Classical Syriac: ܣܪܘܪܓܘܪ (srwrγwr, “Saragurs”)
      • →? Middle Chinese: 蘇路羯 (suo luo^H kɨɐt̚, “Sulujie peoples”)
    • ⇒ Khazar: *šar(ï)-kel
      • → Russian: Саркел (Sarkel, “Sharkel, name of a fortress complex in Southern Russia”)
  • Proto-Bulgar: *šar(u)g
    • → Old Hungarian: ſaroģ (šārog), ſarga (šārgå)
      • Hungarian: sárga, sárog (dialectal)
    • Danube Bulgar: *?
      • → Proto-Slavic: *šarъ (“color”)
        • Old Church Slavonic: шаръ (šarŭ)
          • Bulgarian: шар (šar)
            • ⇒ Bulgarian: ша́рен (šáren, “variegated”)
    • Volga Bulgar: *šåru
      • Late Volga Bulgar: *šårï
        • Old Chuvash: šårı̈̆
          • Middle Chuvash: šorı̈̆
            • Anatri Chuvash: шур (šur)
            • Viryal Chuvash: шурӑ (šură), шорӑ (šoră)
• Proto-Common Turkic: *sārïg

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: sâruğ
• Proto-Oghuz: *sārïg
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: sarı
    • Gagauz: sarı
    • Ottoman Turkish: صاری (sarı), صارو (saru), صری (sarı), սարը (sarı) — Armeno-Turkish
      • Turkish: sarı
      • → Armenian: սարը (sarə)
      • → Laz: სარი (sari)
  • Salar: sarı
  • Turkmen: sāry
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: سَرِغْ (sarïɣ)
    • ⇒ Karakhanid: سارِغْ جُوُتْ (sa:rïg çüwüt, “yellow paint, dye”)
    • Khorezmian Turkic: [script needed] (ṣarïɣ)
      • Chagatai: [script needed] (sarïɣ), [script needed] (sarïq)
        • Uzbek: sariq
        • Uyghur: سېرىق (sëriq)
• Kipchak:
  • Kipchak: [script needed] (sarï)
  • Mamluk-Kipchak: [Arabic needed] (ṣārū), [Arabic needed] (ṣārï̄)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: sarı
    • Karachay-Balkar: сары (sarı)
    • Kumyk: сари (sari)
    • Karaim: [script needed] (sarı)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: һары (harı)
    • Tatar: сары (sarı)
      • → Chuvash: сарӑ (sară)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Caspian:
      • Kazakh: сары (sary)
      • Karakalpak: sarı
      • Nogai: сары (sarı)
    • Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: сары (sarı)
      • Southern Altai: сары (sarï)
• Siberian:
  • Orkhon Turkic: 𐰽𐰺𐰍 (sarïg)
  • Old Uyghur: 𐽻𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (sʾryq /⁠sarïġ⁠⁠/), 𐽻𐽰𐽾𐽲 (sʾrq /⁠sar(ï)ġ⁠/), 𐰽𐰺𐰍 (s¹r¹ǧ /⁠sarïġ⁠/), ܣܐܪܘܥ (sʾryʿ /⁠sarïġ⁠/), سارغ (sʾrʿ /⁠sarïġ⁠/), 𑀲𑀸‌𑀭𑁆‌𑀕 (sā‌r‌ga​ /⁠sārəġ⁠/) (Noun sense only)
    • Western Yugur: sarəɣ (sarïɣ, “yellow”)
      • ⇒ Western Yugur: sarəɣ joɣur (sarïɣ yoɣur, “Western Yugur”) (endonym)
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: араҕас (arağas), арыы (arıı, “butter”)
    • Dolgan: арыы (“butter”)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei Turkic:
      • Chulym: сарығ (sarïɣ)
      • Khakas: сарығ (sarığ)
      • Shor: сарыг
    • Sayan Turkic:
      • Tofa: сарығ
      • Tuvan: сарыг (sarıg)

See also

Colors in Proto-Turkic · *boduglar, *bodugsāyïn (layout · text)

*āk, *ürüŋ	*boŕ, *sūr, *kuba, *čāl, *oń	*kara
*kïŕïl; *āl	*koŋur, *yạgïŕ	*siarïg, *yẹgren
	*yāĺïl
	*kȫk
	*(y)ip-

References

• Agyágasi, Klára (2019) Chuvash Historical Phonetics (Turcologica; 117), Wiesbaden: Harrssowitz, pages 210, 225
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “sarığ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 848
• Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), volume 2, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 691-695