assail

English

Etymology

From Middle English assailen, from Old French assaillir, assalir, from Late Latin assalīre, from Latin ad (“at, towards”) + salīre (“jump”). See also assault.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əˈseɪl/

  • Audio (Southern England)

    (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪl

Verb

assail (third-person singular simple present assails, present participle assailing, simple past and past participle assailed)

1. (transitive) To attack with harsh words or violent force (also figuratively).

   Muggers assailed them as they entered an alley.

   Our ears were assailed by her joyous efforts on her new saxophone.

   • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto VI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, pages 76-77:

     With greedy force he gan the fort assayle,
     Whereof he weend possesse soone to bee,
     And win rich spoile of ransackt chastitee.

   • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]:

     […] let us once again assail your ears,
     That are so fortified against our story,
     What we two nights have seen.

   • 1897, Saki, “The Story-teller”, in Beasts and Super-beasts‎^[1], London: John Lane, published 1914, page 238:

     “ […] for the next six months or so those children will assail her in public with demands for an improper story!”

   • 1942, Zora Neale Hurston, chapter 14, in Dust Tracks on a Road‎^[2], New York: Arno Press and The New York Times, published 1969, page 258:

     We got married immediately after I finished my work […] which should have been the happiest day of my life. […] ¶ But, it was not my happiest day. I was assailed by doubts.

   • 2007, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, Wizard of the Crow, Nairobo: East African Educational Publishers, Book 2, Chapter 3, p. 64,^[3]

     He did not like being in crowds, foul smells galore assailing his nostrils.

Related terms

• assailable
• assailant
• assailer
• assailment
• assault
• reassail
• unassailed

Translations

to attack violently

• Bulgarian: нападам (bg) (napadam), нахвърлям се (nahvǎrljam se)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 攻擊／攻击 (zh) (gōngjí)

• Czech: napadnout (cs) pf, napadat (cs) impf, zaútočit (cs) pf
• Finnish: käydä kimppuun
• French: assaillir (fr)
• Galician: asaltar, atacar (gl)
• Gallurese: gjumpì, imbistì
• German: angreifen (de)
• Hungarian: megtámad (hu), megrohan (hu)
• Italian: assalire (it)
• Japanese: 襲撃する (ja) (しゅうげきする, shūgeki suru)
• Latin: īnstō, incessō
• Maori: uruhi, auta, whakatorotoro
• Norman: assailli
• Occitan: assalir (oc)
• Portuguese: investir (pt)
• Russian: напада́ть (ru) impf (napadátʹ), напа́сть (ru) pf (napástʹ)
• Sardinian:

  Campidanese: carrabusai, carraxai, imbistiri

  Logudorese: appiliare

• Sassarese: assarí
• Spanish: atacar (es), asaltar (es), aturdir (es)
• Turkish: saldırmak (tr), taarruz etmek (tr) (obsolescent)

Anagrams

• Alissa