buah

Balinese

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq. Doublet of woh.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /buah/

Noun

buah (Balinese script ᬩᬸᬯᬄ)

1. (kasar) fruit

   Synonym: (alus) woh

Further reading

• “buah”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].

Brunei Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *buah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq, from Proto-Austronesian *buaq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /buah/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: bu‧ah

Noun

buah

1. fruit

Derived terms

• anak buah
• bebuah
• buah hati
• buah mulut
• buah pala
• buah pikiran
• buah pinggang
• buah tangan

Classifier

buah

1. (Classifier for anything generally concretely big and has volume.)

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *buah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq, from Proto-Austronesian *buaq.

Noun

buah

1. fruit
   1. part of plant
   2. food from such items

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay buah, from Proto-Malayic *buah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq, from Proto-Austronesian *buaq.

• The sense of result and outcome are probably semantic loan from Sanskrit फल (phala, “result, yield, consequence”, literally “fruit”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈbuah/ [ˈbu.ah]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ah
• Syllabification: bu‧ah

Noun

buah (plural buah-buah or buah-buahan)

1. fruit
2. (figurative) result, outcome

   Synonym: hasil

3. (figurative) origin, subject, topic, theme

   Synonyms: bahan, pokok

Derived terms

• bebuahan
• berbuah
• buah-buahan
• membuahi
• membuahkan
• pembuahan
• perbuahan
• sebuah

• buah atep
• buah baju
• buah beraksa
• buah berembang
• buah betis
• buah bibir
• buah bit
• buah cakap
• buah catur
• buah congklak
• buah dacin
• buah dada
• buah dam
• buah geli-geli
• buah hati
• buah hidup
• buah kaca
• buah kacapuri
• buah kalam
• buah kaleng
• buah karya
• buah keras
• buah kering
• buah kesenian
• buah khuldi
• buah kurung
• buah lemuran
• buah lengan
• buah lerak
• buah makasar
• buah mata
• buah meja
• buah mentega
• buah merah
• buah mimpi
• buah mulut
• buah naga
• buah nona
• buah okra
• buah pantat
• buah pelir
• buah pembicaraan
• buah pena
• buah percakapan
• buah perut
• buah pikiran
• buah pinggang
• buah polongan
• buah punggung
• buah raga
• buah sabun
• buah simalakama
• buah sulung
• buah tangan
• buah telang
• buah tempurung
• buah tin
• buah tufah
• buah tutur
• buah undi

Classifier

buah (singular sebuah)

1. Classifier for anything generally concretely big and having volume, as well as abstract things.

Related terms

• kebun

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*buaq”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Further reading

• “buah”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

buah

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *buah, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq, from Proto-Austronesian *buaq. First attested in the Talang Tuo inscription, 684 AD, as Old Malay [script needed] (vuaḥ).

• The sense of result and outcome are probably semantic loan from Sanskrit फल (phala, “result, yield, consequence”, literally “fruit”). Compare with Tagalog bunga with both fruit and result senses, while Malay bunga means flower.

Pronunciation

• (Literary Standard, Southern Peninsular Malaysia Standard) IPA^(key): /ˈbuah/ [ˈbwah]

• Audio (Malaysia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ah
• Hyphenation: buah

Noun

buah (Jawi spelling بواه, plural buah-buah or buah-buahan)

1. fruit (the seed-bearing part of a plant, often edible)

   Rambutan ialah sejenis buah tropika.

   Rambutan is a type of tropical fruit.

2. any small and/or roundish holdable object resembling fruit or otherwise

   buah catur: chess piece

   buah dadu: dice

   buah tasbih: beads on a rosary or the like

3. (figuratively) result; product; topic (used in various idiomatic compounds).

   Itu adalah buah fikirannya sendiri.

   That is his own idea (product of his thought).

Derived terms

Affixations

• berbuah (“to bear fruit”)
• buahkan
• dibuahkan
• membuah
• membuahkan
• membuahkan (“to produce; to yield”)
• pembuahan (“fertilization”)
• sebuah (“a; an; one”)

Reduplications

• buah-buahan (“fruits”)

Compounds

• anak buah (“subordinate; nephew or niece”)
• buah baju
• buah belunu
• buah bibir
• buah catur (“chess piece”)
• buah dada (“breast”)
• buah fikiran (“thought; idea; opinion”)
• buah hati (“sweetheart; darling”)
• buah mulut (“gossip; topic of conversation”)
• buah nona
• buah pala
• buah pinggang (“kidney”)
• buah tangan (“gift; souvenir”)

Descendants

• Indonesian: buah

Classifier

buah (Jawi spelling بواه, singular sebuah)

1. classifier for large, solid, or abstract objects (such as houses, cars, ships, countries, islands, books, etc.).

   Ada tiga buah kereta di luar.

   There are three cars outside.

   Mereka membina dua buah sekolah.

   They built two schools.

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875), “بوه boewah”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 66
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “بوه buwah”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 96
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “buah”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, pages 154-5

Further reading

• "buah" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
  (also see "buah" at PRPM first version)

Sundanese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buaq, from Proto-Austronesian *buaq.

Noun

buah (Sundanese spelling ᮘᮥᮃᮂ)

1. fruit
2. (Bandung) mango

Derived terms

• buahan
• bubuahan
• kabubuahan
• pibuaheun