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फल

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Hindi

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Hindi Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia hi

Etymology

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    Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phála), commonly considered a borrowing from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam (ripe fruit). Cognate with Gujarati ફળ (phaḷ), Nepali फल (phal), Marathi फळ (phaḷ), Marwari फळ (phaḷ).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    फल (phalm (Urdu spelling پھل)

    1. fruits
      वह पक्का फल खाने में अच्छा था।
      vah pakkā phal khāne mẽ acchā thā.
      The ripe fruit was good to eat.
    2. result, outcome
      Synonym: परिणाम (pariṇām)
      उसने अपने परिश्रम के फल का उपभोग किया।
      usne apne pariśram ke phal kā upbhog kiyā.
      He enjoyed the results of his labor.

    Declension

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    Declension of फल (masc cons-stem)
    singular plural
    direct फल
    phal
    फल
    phal
    oblique फल
    phal
    फलों
    phalõ
    vocative फल
    phal
    फलो
    phalo

    References

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    • Bahri, Hardev (1989) “फल”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
    • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “phála”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

    Nepali

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    Nepali Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ne

    Etymology 1

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      Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phala), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

      Pronunciation

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      Noun

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      फल (phal)

      1. fruit
      2. reward

      Etymology 2

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      Pronunciation

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      Verb

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      फल (phala)

      1. second-person mid respect singular imperative of फल्नु (phalnu)

      References

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      • फल”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎[2], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
      • Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “फल”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

      Old Awadhi

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      Etymology

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        Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phala), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

        Noun

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        फल (phala)

        1. fruit
          • c. 1500s CE, Tulsīdās, Hanumān Cālīsā:
            बरनउँ रघुबर बिमल जसु जो दायकु फल चारि
            baranaüm̐ raghubara bimala jasu jo dāyaku phala cāri
            I describe the unblemished glory of Rama, which bestows the four fruits

        Old Gujarati

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        Etymology

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          Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phala), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

          Noun

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          फल (phalan

          1. fruit
          2. result, outcome

          Descendants

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          • Gujarati: ફળ (phaḷ)
          • Marwari: फळ (phaḷ)

          References

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          Pali

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          Alternative forms

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          Noun

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          फल n

          1. Devanagari script form of phala

          Declension

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          Rajbanshi

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          Etymology

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            Inherited from Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀨𑀮 (phala), from Sanskrit फल (phala), borrowed from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam.

            Noun

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            फल (phal) (classifier , plural फलला)

            1. fruit

            Sanskrit

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            Alternative scripts

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            Etymology

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              Uncertain. The original meaning was "fruit". It is commonly considered a borrowing from Dravidian, ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *paẓam (ripe fruit), from *paẓV- (to ripen, become mature) (compare Tamil பழம் (paḻam), Malayalam പഴം (paḻaṁ), Telugu పండు (paṇḍu) and Kannada ಹಣ್ಣು (haṇṇu)). However, Mayrhofer says nothing speaks for that and instead groups it with the family of words derived from the root फल् (phal, to burst, split) (as ripe fruit is prone to burst, see below for other words related to "bursting, splitting"). It might derive from Proto-Indo-European *(s)bʰel- (to swell) (with devoicing due to Siebs's law with an s-mobile).[1] Another possibility is Proto-Indo-European *(s)pelH- (to split, tear off) (for which see Lithuanian spãlis (flax boon; October) for more potential cognates).

              Pronunciation

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              Noun

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              फल (phala) stemm

              1. coral swirl (Wrightia antidysenterica)
                Synonyms: काही (kāhī), शनपर्णी (śanaparṇī), गिरिमल्लिका (girimallikā), कौटज (kauṭaja), वृक्षक (vṛkṣaka), शक्रपादप (śakrapādapa), सङ्ग्राहिन् (saṅgrāhin), वत्सक (vatsaka), वरतिक्त (varatikta), कुटज (kuṭaja), शक्रपर्याय (śakraparyāya), कोहिन् (kohin), शक्र (śakra), भद्रज (bhadraja), वत्साह्वय (vatsāhvaya), तिक्त (tikta), महागन्ध (mahāgandha), कौट (kauṭa), शक्रवृक्ष (śakravṛkṣa), वृक्ष (vṛkṣa), कूटज (kūṭaja), प्रावृषेण्य (prāvṛṣeṇya), कलिङ्ग (kaliṅga), प्रावृष्य (prāvṛṣya), कालिङ्गक (kāliṅgaka), यवफल (yavaphala), पाण्डुरद्रुम (pāṇḍuradruma), कालिङ्ग (kāliṅga)

              Declension

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              Masculine a-stem declension of फल
              singular dual plural
              nominative फलः (phalaḥ) फलौ (phalau)
              फला¹ (phalā¹)
              फलाः (phalāḥ)
              फलासः¹ (phalāsaḥ¹)
              accusative फलम् (phalam) फलौ (phalau)
              फला¹ (phalā¹)
              फलान् (phalān)
              instrumental फलेन (phalena) फलाभ्याम् (phalābhyām) फलैः (phalaiḥ)
              फलेभिः¹ (phalebhiḥ¹)
              dative फलाय (phalāya) फलाभ्याम् (phalābhyām) फलेभ्यः (phalebhyaḥ)
              ablative फलात् (phalāt) फलाभ्याम् (phalābhyām) फलेभ्यः (phalebhyaḥ)
              genitive फलस्य (phalasya) फलयोः (phalayoḥ) फलानाम् (phalānām)
              locative फले (phale) फलयोः (phalayoḥ) फलेषु (phaleṣu)
              vocative फल (phala) फलौ (phalau)
              फला¹ (phalā¹)
              फलाः (phalāḥ)
              फलासः¹ (phalāsaḥ¹)
              • ¹Vedic

              Noun

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              फल (phála) stemn

              1. fruit
                इदं फलम् मदीयम्।idaṃ phalam madīyam.This fruit is mine.
                बालिका वानरेभ्यः फलानि यच्छति।bālikā vānarebhyaḥ phalāni yacchati.The girl gives fruits to the monkeys.
                Synonyms: सस्य (sasya), प्रसून (prasūna), परीर (parīra), इष्टि (iṣṭi)
              2. kernel or seed of a fruit
                1. nutmeg
              3. profit, gain, reward
                1. interest on capital
                2. compensation
                3. booty
              4. (figuratively) result, yield, consequence, effect, retribution
                Synonyms: परिणाम (pariṇāma), व्युष्टि (vyuṣṭi), सद (sada), भव्य (bhavya)
              5. benefit, enjoyment
              6. (rhetoric) the issue or end of an action
              7. (mathematics) result of a calculation
                1. product or quotient
                2. (mathematics, arithmetics) mean ― The third term in the rule of three or cross-multiplication
              8. (mathematics, geometry) area or superficial contents of a figure
              9. corrective equation
              10. menstrual discharge, menses, periods
                Synonym: प्रसव (prasava)
              11. gift, donation
              12. gameboard
              13. blade (of fan, etc.)
                1. vane, weathervane (of wind mill)
                2. arrowhead
                3. shield
                4. ploughshare
              14. a point or spot on a die

              Declension

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              Neuter a-stem declension of फल
              singular dual plural
              nominative फलम् (phálam) फले (phále) फलानि (phálāni)
              फला¹ (phálā¹)
              accusative फलम् (phálam) फले (phále) फलानि (phálāni)
              फला¹ (phálā¹)
              instrumental फलेन (phálena) फलाभ्याम् (phálābhyām) फलैः (phálaiḥ)
              फलेभिः¹ (phálebhiḥ¹)
              dative फलाय (phálāya) फलाभ्याम् (phálābhyām) फलेभ्यः (phálebhyaḥ)
              ablative फलात् (phálāt) फलाभ्याम् (phálābhyām) फलेभ्यः (phálebhyaḥ)
              genitive फलस्य (phálasya) फलयोः (phálayoḥ) फलानाम् (phálānām)
              locative फले (phále) फलयोः (phálayoḥ) फलेषु (pháleṣu)
              vocative फल (phála) फले (phále) फलानि (phálāni)
              फला¹ (phálā¹)
              • ¹Vedic

              Derived terms

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              Descendants

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              References

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              1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 201-2

              Further reading

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