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ceorl

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

English

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Etymology

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Learned borrowing from Old English ċeorl. Doublet of carl, churl, and karl.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ceorl (plural ceorls)

  1. (historical) An Anglo-Saxon churl.

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Old English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *karil, *karul, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz, *karulaz (“man”), akin to Old Frisian tzerl, tzirl (West Frisian tsjirl), Old Norse karl (Danish/Norwegian/Swedish/Danish karl), Old High German karal, Middle Low German kerl (German Kerl). Doublet of carl.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /t͡ʃe͜orl/, [t͡ʃe͜orˠl]

Noun

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ċeorl m

  1. (historical) a churl, a freeman ranked below a thane but above a thrall
  2. man
    • Laws of Hlothhere and Eadric
      Ġif Cantwara æniġ in Lundenwīċ fēoh ġebyċġe, hæbbe him tweġen oððe ðrēo unfācne ċeorlas tō ġewitnesse oþþe cyninges wīcġerēfan.
      If any person of Kent buys property in London, he should have two or three trustworthy men or the king's reeve, as a witness.
  3. peasant

Declension

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Strong a-stem:

singular plural
nominative ċeorl ċeorlas
accusative ċeorl ċeorlas
genitive ċeorles ċeorla
dative ċeorle ċeorlum

Coordinate terms

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  • þegn (“thane, baron”)
  • þrǣl (“thrall, slave”)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Middle English: cherl, cheorl, chorl, churl
    • English: churl
    • Scots: churl
    • Yola: chourle

References

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