chromosome
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English
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Chromosome-upright.png)
Etymology
[edit]19th century: from German Chromosom, ultimately from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “colour”) + σῶμα (sôma, “body”) (because they are stained under the microscope). Equivalent to chromo- + -some.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈkɹəʊ.məˌsəʊm/, /ˈkɹəʊ.məˌzəʊm/
- (US) IPA(key): /ˈkɹoʊməˌsoʊm/, /ˈkɹoʊməˌzoʊm/
Audio (UK): (file) Audio (US): (file)
Noun
[edit]chromosome (plural chromosomes)
- (cytology, genetics) A linear arrangement of condensed DNA and associated proteins (such as chaperone proteins) which contains the genetic material (genome) of an organism.
- Chromosomes store genetic information.
- 2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 7:
- A length of DNA is divided into segments called chromosomes and shorter individual units called genes.
Derived terms
[edit]- B chromosome
- chromosomal
- chromosome conformation capture
- chromosomed
- chromosome number
- chromosomic
- chromosomology
- diplochromosome
- euchromosome
- genome
- heterochromosome
- idiochromosome
- interchromosome
- intrachromosome
- isochromosome
- lampbrush chromosome
- macrochromosome
- microchromosome
- midchromosome
- minichromosome
- monochromosome
- multichromosome
- nanochromosome
- neochromosome
- Ph chromosome
- Philadelphia chromosome
- pseudochromosome
- ring chromosome
- sex chromosome
- W chromosome
- X chromosome
- Y chromosome
- Z chromosome
Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]structure in the cell nucleus
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Further reading
[edit]- “chromosome”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “chromosome”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- “chromosome”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]19th century: chromo- + -some, from German Chromosom, ultimately from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “colour”) + σῶμα (sôma, “body”) (because they are stained under the microscope).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /kʁɔ.mo.zom/
Audio: (file) - Homophone: chromosomes
- Hyphenation: chro‧mo‧some
Noun
[edit]chromosome m (plural chromosomes)
Hyponyms
[edit]Meronyms
[edit]Holonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “chromosome”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Categories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *tewh₂-
- English terms borrowed from German
- English terms derived from German
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English nouns prefixed with chromo-
- English nouns suffixed with -some
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Cytology
- en:Genetics
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- French terms prefixed with chromo-
- French terms suffixed with -some
- French terms derived from German
- French terms derived from Ancient Greek
- French 3-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Biology
- fr:Cytology