coch

Middle Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *kox, borrowed from Latin coccum (“scarlet berry”), from Ancient Greek κόκκος (kókkos, “berry”). Cognate with Cornish kogh (“scarlet”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /koχ/

Adjective

coch (plural cochyon, equative cochet)

1. red
   • 14th century, anonymous author, edited by R. L. Thomson, Pwyll Pendeuic Dyuet (Mediaeval and Modern Welsh Series; vol. I), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, published 1980, page 1, lines 20–22:

     Sef lliw oed arnunt, claerwyn llathreit, ac eu clusteu yn gochyon. Ac ual y llathrei wynnet y cwn, y llathrei cochet y clusteu.

     For their hair was of a brilliant shining white, and their ears were red; and as the whiteness of their bodies shone, so did the redness of their ears glisten.

     (translation by Charlotte Guest)

Descendants

• Welsh: coch

Mutation

Mutated forms of coch

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
coch	goch	coch / choch pronounced with /ŋ̊-/	choch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Middle Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Scots

Etymology

Middle English; of imitative origin. See also German keuchen, Dutch kuchen.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /koːx/

Noun

coch

1. cough

Verb

coch (third-person singular simple present cochs, present participle cochin, simple past and past participle cocht)

1. to cough

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh coch, from Proto-Brythonic *kox, borrowed from Latin coccum (“scarlet berry”), from Ancient Greek κόκκος (kókkos, “berry”). Cognate with Cornish kogh (“scarlet”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /koːχ/
• Rhymes: -oːχ

Adjective

coch (feminine singular coch, plural cochion, equative coched, comparative cochach, superlative cochaf)

1. red

   Synonym: rhudd

2. red, ginger (of hair)
3. bay (of a horse)

   Synonym: gwinau

4. (figurative) smutty, dirty, lewd
   • 1973, Robat Gruffudd, Englynion Coch [Dirty Poems]:

Derived terms

• bochgoch (“rosy-cheeked; rosehip; red poppy”)
• brochgoch (“bay roan”)
• brongoch (“robin redbreast”)
• coch coronog (“dappled bay”)
• coch gloyw (“bright bay”)
• cochaidd, cochlyd (“reddish”)
• cochbryf (“cochineal”)
• cochder, cochdra, cochni (“redness”)
• cochddu, dugoch (“russet, dark bay”)
• cochen (“hare”)
• cochi (“to redden, to blush, to scorch”)
• cochwelw (“light bay”)
• fflamgoch (“fiery-red”)
• rhuddgoch (“crimson”)
• tingoch (“redstart”)

See also

Colors in Welsh · lliwiau (layout · text)

gwyn	llwyd	du
coch; rhudd	oren, melyngoch; brown	melyn; melynwyn
melynwyrdd	gwyrdd
gwyrddlas; glaswyrdd	asur, gwynlas	glas
fioled, rhuddlas; indigo	majenta; porffor	pinc, rhuddwyn

Mutation

Mutated forms of coch

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
coch	goch	nghoch	choch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.