creole

See also: Creole, créole, and Créole

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Portuguese crioulobor.

Spanish criollo

French créolebor.

English Creole

English creole

See Creole. Attested in English to refer to language from the 18th century.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈkɹi.əʊl/

• Audio (UK):

  (file)

• (US) enPR: krēʹōl, IPA^(key): /ˈkɹioʊl/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: (UK) -iːəʊl, (US) -ioʊl

Noun

creole (plural creoles)

1. (linguistics) A language formed from two or more languages which has developed from a pidgin to become a first language.
   • 1818, The Methodist Magazine, page 317:

     There are three orders of people: those who were alive when the French possessed the island: they understand the good French; those who were born in the heat of the Revolution, and who have arrived at maturity without instruction, these speak only Creole […]

   • 1966, Beryl Loftman Bailey, Jamaican Creole Syntax‎^[1], page 144:

     From the point of view of syntactic analysis, I have shown how transformational theory may be applied to the syntax of a Creole language.

   • 2019 December 22, Annalee Newitz and Cyrus Farivar, “Nick Farmer knows dozens of languages, so he invented one for The Expanse”, in Ars Technica‎^[2]:

     To communicate, they evolve a creole called Belter, which becomes the lingua franca for what is essentially the solar system’s new proletariat. […] There is a simple, regular grammar that is typical of creoles.

2. (historical) Alternative letter-case form of Creole (“person born in a colony”).
   • 1992, Edwin Williamson, The Penguin history of Latin America, London; New York: Penguin Books, →ISBN, page 131:

     Some of the great merchants in the Indies were creoles, but the majority were peninsulares. These latter acted as effective intermediaries between Spain and the colonies.

3. (jewelry) A style of hoop earrings with a hoop that has an inconsistent thickness and/or is elongated in shape.

Hyponyms

• Antigua and Barbuda Creole English
• Antiguan and Barbudan Creole
• Antillean Creole
• Cape Verdean Creole
• Haitian Creole
• Jamaican Creole
• Leeward Caribbean Creole English
• Leeward Caribbean English Creole
• Louisiana Creole
• Mauritian Creole
• Roper River creole
• Seychellois Creole
• Torres Strait Creole

Derived terms

• anticreole
• creolisation, creolization
• creolise, creolize
• creolism
• creolist, creolistic, creolistics
• creologenic
• creology
• creoloid
• decreolize, decreolization
• noncreole
• postcreole
• post-creole continuum
• recreolize, recreolization

Translations

lect descended from a pidgin language

• Antillean Creole: kréyol, kwéyol
• Armenian: կրեոլ (hy) (kreol), կրեոլյան լեզու (kreolyan lezu), կրեոլ լեզու (hy) (kreol lezu)
• Asturian: llingua criolla f
• Basque: kreolera
• Belarusian: крэо́л m (kreól), крэо́льская мо́ва f (kreólʹskaja móva)
• Bulgarian: крео́л m (kreól), крео́лски ези́к m (kreólski ezík)
• Catalan: crioll (ca) m, llengua criolla f
• Cherokee: ᏟᏲᎵ (tliyoli)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 克里奧爾語 / 克里奥尔语 (zh) (kèlǐ'ào'ěryǔ)

• Czech: kreolština f
• Danish: kreolsprog
• Dutch: creools (nl) n
• Esperanto: kreolo, kreola lingvo
• Estonian: kreoolkeel
• Finnish: kreoli (fi), kreolikieli (fi)
• French: créole (fr) m, langue créole f
• Galician: lingua crioula f
• Georgian: კრეოლური ენა (ḳreoluri ena)
• German: Kreolsprache (de) f, Kreol n
• Greek: μιγάς (el) m (migás), μιγάδα (el) f (migáda), κρεολή γλώσσα (el) f (kreolí glóssa)
• Guianese Creole: kriyòl
• Haitian Creole: kreyòl, lang kreyòl
• Hebrew: שפה קריאולית
• Hindi: क्रियोल भाषा (kriyol bhāṣā)
• Hungarian: kreol nyelv
• Icelandic: kreólamál n
• Ido: kreola linguo
• Indonesian: bahasa kreol (id)
• Interlingua: lingua creol
• Irish: fásteanga (ga) f
• Italian: creolo (it) m, lingua creola f
• Japanese: クレオール (ja) (kureōru), クリオール (ja) (kuriōru), クレオール言語 (ja)
• Korean: 크리올 (keuriol)
• Krio: krio
• Limburgish: creooltaol
• Lithuanian: kreòlinė kalbà f
• Low German:

  German Low German: Kreoolspraak f

• Macedonian: кре́ол m (kréol)
• Mauritian Creole: kreol, lang kreol
• Norwegian: kreolspråk n
• Occitan: creòl m
• Papiamentu: idioma krioyo
• Persian: کریول
• Pijin: pijin
• Polish: język kreolski (pl) m
• Portuguese: crioulo (pt) m, língua crioula f
• Romanian: limbă creolă f
• Russian: крео́л (ru) m (kreól), крео́льский язы́к m (kreólʹskij jazýk), креолизо́ванный язы́к m (kreolizóvannyj jazýk)
• Sardinian: limba crèola
• Serbo-Croatian: kreolski jezik m, креолски језик m
• Slovene: kreolščina f
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: kreolska rěc f

  Upper Sorbian: kreolska rěč f

• Spanish: criollo (es) m, lengua criolla f
• Swahili: krioli
• Swedish: kreolspråk (sv) n
• Tamil: கிரியோல் மொழி (kiriyōl moḻi)
• Thai: ภาษาครีโอล
• Tok Pisin: pisin (tpi)
• Turkish: kreol
• Ukrainian: крео́л m (kreól), крео́льська мо́ва f (kreólʹsʹka móva)
• Welsh: iaith greol f, creoliaith f

Further reading

• Haitian Creole – English Dictionary: from Webster’s Dictionary – the Rosetta Edition.

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkrɛ.o.le/

• Audio (IT):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛole
• Hyphenation: crè‧o‧le

Adjective

creole f

1. feminine plural of creolo

Anagrams

• Ercole, celerò, colere, ercole