cyma
English
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From New Latin cȳma (“young sprout or shoot of cabbage”) (whence the botanic usage of cyme), from Ancient Greek κῦμα (kûma, “swell, wave”, “cyma”, “sprout of a plant”), from κύω (kúō, “to conceive, to become pregnant”).
Most English coinages on this root are formed on its short stem, κῡμ- (kūm-). The fact that the Ancient Greek etymon only inflects as a third-declension neuter noun has led some writers to prescribe forms that preserve the root’s long stem, κῡματ- (kūmat-), for philological reasons (see, for example, the 1903 and 1908 citations of cymatoscope), but such forms are rare.
Latinate phrases that include cyma, namely cyma inversa, cyma recta, and cyma reversa, show that, when employed as a Latin word, cȳma is treated as a first-declension feminine noun rather than as third-declension neuter consonant-stem noun.
There are several Classical precedents, both from Latin and from Ancient Greek, for formations on the short stem (κῡμ- (kūm-)) of this root, although formations on the long stem (κῡματ- (kūmat-)) are more common in Ancient Greek; consequently, whereas formations on the long stem may be preferable, especially when combined with other Ancient Greek elements, formations on the short stem are by no means incorrect.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈsaɪ.mə/, (Received Pronunciation) enPR: sī′mə
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Rhymes: -aɪmə
- Hyphenation: cy‧ma
Noun
[edit]cyma (plural cymas or cymae or cymæ or cymata)
- (architecture) The wavelike, curved shape of a cymatium, consisting of a concave and a convex line; (loosely) the cymatium itself.
- Synonym: ogee
- 1886 May – 1887 April, Thomas Hardy, The Woodlanders […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London; New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:
- […] while the double-cyma or classical curve of his mouth was not without a looseness in its close.
- (botany) A cyme (opening bud).
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]References
[edit]- “Cyma”, in A New English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 1st edition, volume II, 1893, page 1302
- Russel Sturgis (1901), “Cyma”, in A Dictionary of Architecture and Building, Biographical, Historical, […] [1], MacMillan
- “cyma”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- The template Template:R:OED2 does not use the parameter(s):
url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200703030225/https://www.oed.com/oed2/00056734
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.John A. Simpson and Edmund S. C. Weiner, editors (1989), “‖cyma”, in The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN.
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Ancient Greek κῦμα (kûma, “swell, wave, billow; fetus, embryo”), from κύω (kúō, “to be pregnant, I conceive”).
The Greek nominative plural is κῡ́ματα (kū́mata); *κυμαί (*kumaí), the first-declension nominative plural form which would give precedent to the Latin cȳmae, does not occur.
Pronunciation
[edit]- cȳma:
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈkyː.ma]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ʃiː.ma]
- cȳmā:
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈkyː.maː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈt͡ʃiː.ma]
- Hyphenation: cȳ‧ma
Noun
[edit]cȳma n (genitive cȳmatis); third declension
cȳma f (genitive cȳmae); first declension
Declension
[edit]| Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem). | First-declension noun. |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Balkano-Romance:
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Gallo-Italic:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- Early borrowings:
- → Albanian: qime
References
[edit]- “cyma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “cyma”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “cyma”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
Old English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]cyma
Adjective
[edit]cȳma
- inflection of cȳme:
- English terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms borrowed from New Latin
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱewh₁-
- English terms derived from New Latin
- English doublets
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/aɪmə
- Rhymes:English/aɪmə/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- en:Architecture
- English terms with quotations
- en:Botany
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Latin terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱewh₁-
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin third declension nouns
- Latin neuter nouns in the third declension
- Latin terms spelled with Y
- Latin neuter nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English non-lemma forms
- Old English noun forms
- Old English adjective forms