daleki
Appearance
See also: daléki
Old Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dalekъ. First attested in the 14th century.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]daleki (comparative dalszy, derived adverb daleko)
- (attested in Lesser Poland) far, distant
- Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[1], Krakow, page 2a:
- A tedy... tho bilo... tako othpouedzano, isczy... mili Xt s dalekichcy stron on prydzecz
- [A tedy... to było... tako otpowiedziano, iżci... Kryst miły, z dalekichci stron on przydzieć]
- (attested in Lesser Poland) long
- Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[2], Krakow, page gl. 61b:
- Daleka droga hoc spacium
- [Daleka droga hoc spacium]
- (in the comparative, of time) further, longer
- 1930 [c. 1455], “Jos”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)[3], 6, 5:
- Gdysz zabrzni zwyøk trøbny dalszy (cumque insonuerit vox tubae longior), ...wzvola wszistek lvd
- [Gdyż zabrzni źwięk trąbny dalszy (cumque insonuerit vox tubae longior), ...wzwoła wszystek lud]
- (attested in Kuyavia) later
- 1897 [1418], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego[4], volume VII, number 400, Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship:
- Jakom tim kmeczom, za gesch pan Moscicz ranczil, ne dawal dalschego roku nisz ten, na ktori mi pan Mosticz ranczil
- [Jakom tym kmieciom, za jeż pan Mościc ręczył, nie dawał dalszego roku niż ten, na ktory mi pan Mościc ręczył]
- (of relatives, attested in Masovia) distant
- 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 18:
- Sząly od szebye rodnye dalyeczi (si autem sunt distantes), nye gynszą, iano trzech lyath dawnosczy bandze mocz odbicz obwynyoni
- [Sąli od siebie ro[z]dnie dalecy (si autem sunt distantes), nie jinszą jano trzech lat dawności[ą] będzie moc odbyć obwiniony]
Derived terms
[edit]nouns
Related terms
[edit]adverbs
noun
verbs
- dalić się impf
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “daleki”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
- Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “daleki”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
- Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “daleki”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “daleki”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish daleki.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]daleki (comparative dalszy, superlative najdalszy, Middle Polish superlative nadalszy, derived adverb daleko)
- far, distant (not physically close)
- far (coming from a long distance)
- far (coming from distant places)
- far (being very different from a particular thing) [with od (+ genitive) ‘from what’]
- distant (having little or no relation with something) [with dative ‘to whom’]
- Synonym: niepodobny
- Antonyms: bliski, ścisły
- distant (of something with which someone or something has little contact)
- Antonym: bliski
- (of relatives) distant
- Antonym: bliski
- (of events) distant (having happened a long time ago or in a long time)
- long-lasting
- long-distance
- uninteresting
- distant (not equal to something, incompatible with something)
- (Middle Polish) substantial, large, significant
- (Middle Polish) indirect; incomplete
- (Middle Polish) remote; Further details are uncertain.
- 1532, Bartłomiej z Bydgoszczy, Słownik łacińsko-polski[5], page 2b:
- Abditus, dalyeky.
- [Abditus, daleki.]
- 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon[6], page 98c:
- E longinquo, Z dáleká
- [E longinquo, Z daleka]
- 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon[7], page 501c:
- Ulterior, Dálſzy.
- [Ulterior, Dalszy.]
- 1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum[8], page 201b:
- Citerior ‒ Dalſzy, oddąlony.
- [Citerior ‒ Dalszy, oddalony.]
Declension
[edit]Declension of daleki (velar)
singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | virile (= masculine personal) | non-virile | |
nominative | daleki | daleka | dalekie | dalecy | dalekie | |
genitive | dalekiego | dalekiej | dalekiego | dalekich | ||
dative | dalekiemu | dalekiej | dalekiemu | dalekim | ||
accusative | dalekiego | daleki | daleką | dalekie | dalekich | dalekie |
instrumental | dalekim | daleką | dalekim | dalekimi | ||
locative | dalekim | dalekiej | dalekim | dalekich |
Derived terms
[edit]adjectives
adverb
nouns
verbs
Trivia
[edit]According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), daleki is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 53 times in scientific texts, 79 times in news, 99 times in essays, 43 times in fiction, and 11 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 285 times, making it the 177th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- daleki in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- daleki in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “daleki”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “DALEKI”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 22.06.2010
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “daleki”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “daleki”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “daleki”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 423
Serbo-Croatian
[edit]Adjective
[edit]daleki
- inflection of dàlek:
Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Polish daleki.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]daleki (comparative dalszy, superlative nojdalszy, derived adverb daleko)
Declension
[edit]Declension of daleki
singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | virile | nonvirile | ||
nominative | daleki | dalekie | dalekŏ | dalecy | dalekie | |
genitive | dalekigo | dalekij | dalekich | |||
dative | dalekimu | dalekij | dalekim | |||
accusative | animate | dalekigo | dalekie | dalekõ | dalekich | dalekie |
inanimate | daleki | |||||
instrumental | dalekim | dalekōm | dalekimi | |||
locative | dalekim | dalekij | dalekich | |||
vocative | daleki | dalekie | dalekŏ | dalecy | dalekie |
Further reading
[edit]Categories:
- Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Polish lemmas
- Old Polish adjectives
- Lesser Poland Old Polish
- Old Polish terms with quotations
- Kuyavia Old Polish
- Masovia Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Polish terms inherited from Old Polish
- Polish terms derived from Old Polish
- Polish 3-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛki
- Rhymes:Polish/ɛki/3 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish adjectives
- Polish terms with collocations
- Middle Polish
- Polish terms with uncertain meaning
- Polish terms with quotations
- Polish velar adjectives
- Serbo-Croatian non-lemma forms
- Serbo-Croatian adjective forms
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Silesian terms inherited from Old Polish
- Silesian terms derived from Old Polish
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɛki
- Rhymes:Silesian/ɛki/3 syllables
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian adjectives