gunung

Brunei Malay

Etymology

Compare to Malay gunung, Sundanese gunung, and Javanese gunung.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡunuŋ/
• Hyphenation: gu‧nung

Noun

gunung

1. mountain (large mass of earth and rock)

Coordinate terms

• bukit (“hill”)

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• goenoeng (1901–1947)

Etymology

Inherited from Malay gunung. Compare to Brunei Malay gunung, Sundanese gunung, and Javanese gunung.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡunuŋ/ [ˈɡu.nʊŋ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -unuŋ
• Syllabification: gu‧nung

Noun

gunung (plural gunung-gunung)

1. mountain (large mass of earth and rock)

   Synonym: (rare) ardi

Derived terms

• bergunung-gunung
• gunung-ganang
• gunung-gemunung
• gunung-gunungan
• gunungan
• menggunung
• pegunungan
• pergunungan

Further reading

• “gunung”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Javanese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Javanese gunuṅ.

Noun

gunung (Carakam spelling ꦒꦸꦤꦸꦁ)

1. (geography) mountain

Derived terms

• gunung geni
• gunung guntur
• gunung kendheng

Further reading

• “gunung”, in Javanese-Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Jawa-Indonesia] (in Javanese), Yogyakarta, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Yogyakarta Special [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta], 2023.

Malay

gunung dilitupi salji

Etymology

Compare to Brunei Malay gunung, Sundanese gunung, and Javanese gunung. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• (schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˈɡunoŋ/ [ˈɡu.noŋ]
  • Rhymes: -unoŋ
• (Baku) IPA^(key): /ˈɡunuŋ/ [ˈɡu.nuŋ]
  • Rhymes: -unuŋ
• Hyphenation: gu‧nung

Noun

gunung (Jawi spelling ݢونوڠ, plural gunung-ganang)

1. mountain (large mass of earth and rock)

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• menggunung [agent focus] (meN-)
• menggunungan [agent focus + timespan / emotion] (meN- + -an)
• pergunungan [causative passive + timespan / emotion] (peR- + -an)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• bergunung-gunung (“mountainous”)
• gegunungan (“artificial mound; small hill”)
• gunung-gemunung (“mountain range; plural form of gunung”)
• gunung berapi (“volcano”)
• gunung-ganang (“plural form of gunung”)

Descendants

• > Indonesian: gunung (inherited)

See also

• bukit (“hill”)

References

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875), “ݢونڠ goenoeng”, in Maleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page 109
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “ݢونڠ gunong”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 583
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “gunong”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, pages 381-2

Further reading

• "gunung" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Sundanese

Noun

gunung (Sundanese script ᮌᮥᮔᮥᮀ)

1. mountain