harap
Albanian
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish [Term?] (compare Turkish Arap).
Noun
harap
Synonyms
Hungarian
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Finno-Ugric *karɜ- Lua error in Module:links at line 217: The specified language Proto-Uralic is unattested, while the given word is not marked with '*' to indicate that it is reconstructed.[1] + -p (instantaneous suffix).[2]
Pronunciation
Verb
harap
- (transitive, intransitive) to bite
Conjugation
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | harapok | harapsz | harap | harapunk | haraptok | harapnak | |
Def. | harapom | harapod | harapja | harapjuk | harapjátok | harapják | |||
2nd-p. o. | haraplak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | haraptam | haraptál | harapott | haraptunk | haraptatok | haraptak | ||
Def. | haraptam | haraptad | harapta | haraptuk | haraptátok | harapták | |||
2nd-p. o. | haraptalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. harapni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | harapék | harapál | harapa | harapánk | harapátok | harapának | ||
Def. | harapám | harapád | harapá | harapánk | harapátok | harapák | |||
2nd-p. o. | harapálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. harap vala, harapott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | harapandok | harapandasz | harapand | harapandunk | harapandotok | harapandanak | ||
Def. | harapandom | harapandod | harapandja | harapandjuk | harapandjátok | harapandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | harapandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | harapnék | harapnál | harapna | harapnánk | harapnátok | harapnának | |
Def. | harapnám | harapnád | harapná | harapnánk (or harapnók) |
harapnátok | harapnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | harapnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. harapott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | harapjak | harapj or harapjál |
harapjon | harapjunk | harapjatok | harapjanak | |
Def. | harapjam | harapd or harapjad |
harapja | harapjuk | harapjátok | harapják | |||
2nd-p. o. | harapjalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. harapott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | harapni | harapnom | harapnod | harapnia | harapnunk | harapnotok | harapniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
harapás | harapó | harapott | harapandó | harapva (harapván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | haraphatok | haraphatsz | haraphat | haraphatunk | haraphattok | haraphatnak | |
Def. | haraphatom | haraphatod | haraphatja | haraphatjuk | haraphatjátok | haraphatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | haraphatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | haraphattam | haraphattál | haraphatott | haraphattunk | haraphattatok | haraphattak | ||
Def. | haraphattam | haraphattad | haraphatta | haraphattuk | haraphattátok | haraphatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | haraphattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | haraphaték | haraphatál | haraphata | haraphatánk | haraphatátok | haraphatának | ||
Def. | haraphatám | haraphatád | haraphatá | haraphatánk | haraphatátok | haraphaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | haraphatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. haraphat vala, haraphatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | haraphatandok or harapandhatok |
haraphatandasz or harapandhatsz |
haraphatand or harapandhat |
haraphatandunk or harapandhatunk |
haraphatandotok or harapandhattok |
haraphatandanak or harapandhatnak | ||
Def. | haraphatandom or harapandhatom |
haraphatandod or harapandhatod |
haraphatandja or harapandhatja |
haraphatandjuk or harapandhatjuk |
haraphatandjátok or harapandhatjátok |
haraphatandják or harapandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | haraphatandalak or harapandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | haraphatnék | haraphatnál | haraphatna | haraphatnánk | haraphatnátok | haraphatnának | |
Def. | haraphatnám | haraphatnád | haraphatná | haraphatnánk (or haraphatnók) |
haraphatnátok | haraphatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | haraphatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. haraphatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | haraphassak | haraphass or haraphassál |
haraphasson | haraphassunk | haraphassatok | haraphassanak | |
Def. | haraphassam | haraphasd or haraphassad |
haraphassa | haraphassuk | haraphassátok | haraphassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | haraphassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. haraphatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (haraphatni) | (haraphatnom) | (haraphatnod) | (haraphatnia) | (haraphatnunk) | (haraphatnotok) | (haraphatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | harapható | Neg. adj. | haraphatatlan | Adv. part. | (haraphatva / haraphatván) | ||||
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
(Expressions):
See also
References
- ^ Entry #249 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ harap in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Indonesian
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Malay, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Malayo-Polynesian, compare Samoan alofa.
Pronunciation
Verb
harap (used in the form berharap)
Malay
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Malayic *harəp (compare Javanese arep (“want”)), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀəp (compare Hawaiian aloha, Maori aroha, Samoan alofa (“love”)).
Pronunciation
Verb
harap (used in the form berharap)
- to hope
Synonyms
Derived terms
Tagalog
Etymology
Cognate with Malay hadap (“to face”).
Noun
harap
Turkish
Etymology
Ultimately from Arabic خَرَاب (ḵarāb).
Pronunciation
Adjective
harap
Noun
harap (definite accusative harapı, plural haraplar)
Derived terms
- Albanian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian nouns
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian intransitive verbs
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian verbs
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/arap
- Rhymes:Malay/rap
- Rhymes:Malay/ap
- Malay lemmas
- Malay verbs
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish adjectives
- Turkish nouns