harap

Albanian

Noun

harap m (plural harapë, definite harapi)

1. Alternative form of arap

Hungarian

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Finno-Ugric *karɜ- (*korɜ-) (“to bite”) + -p (instantaneous suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈhɒrɒp]
• Hyphenation: ha‧rap
• Rhymes: -ɒp

Verb

harap

1. (transitive, intransitive) to bite (into someone or something: -ba/-be)

Conjugation

conjugation of harap

			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	harapok	harapsz	harap	harapunk	haraptok	harapnak
		Def.	harapom	harapod	harapja	harapjuk	harapjátok	harapják
		2nd-p. o.	haraplak	―
	Past	Indef.	haraptam	haraptál	harapott	haraptunk	haraptatok	haraptak
		Def.	haraptam	haraptad	harapta	haraptuk	haraptátok	harapták
		2nd-p. o.	haraptalak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	harapnék	harapnál	harapna	harapnánk	harapnátok	harapnának
		Def.	harapnám	harapnád	harapná	harapnánk (or harapnók)	harapnátok	harapnák
		2nd-p. o.	harapnálak	―
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	harapjak	harapj or harapjál	harapjon	harapjunk	harapjatok	harapjanak
		Def.	harapjam	harapd or harapjad	harapja	harapjuk	harapjátok	harapják
		2nd-p. o.	harapjalak	―
Infinitive	harapni		harapnom	harapnod	harapnia	harapnunk	harapnotok	harapniuk
Other nonfinite verb forms			Verbal noun	Present participle	Past participle	Future part.	Adverbial part.	Potential
			harapás	harapó	harapott	harapandó	harapva	haraphat

Derived terms

• harapás
• harapdál
• harapós

 

Compound words

• harapófogó

 

(With verbal prefixes):

• átharap
• beleharap
• elharap
• kettéharap
• kiharap
• leharap
• megharap
• összeharap
• ráharap
• szétharap
• utánaharap
• visszaharap

Expressions

• amelyik kutya ugat, az nem harap
• harapós kutya

 

Further reading

• harap in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay harap, from Proto-Malayic *harəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀəp.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ha.rap/

Verb

harap

1. to hope
2. to wish

Derived terms

• berharap
• berharap-harap
• berharapan
• berharapkan
• berpengharapan
• harap-harap
• harap-harapan
• harapan
• mengharap
• mengharapkan
• pengharapan
• terharap-harap

 

• harap siarkan

 

Further reading

• “harap” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *harəp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qaʀəp.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /harap/
• Rhymes: -arap, -rap, -ap

Verb

harap (Jawi spelling هارڤ‎)

1. to hope

Synonyms

• asa

Derived terms

• harapan
• harap maaf

Polish

Alternative forms

• herap (obsolete)

Etymology

Borrowed from German herab.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxa.rap/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -arap
• Syllabification: ha‧rap

Noun

harap m inan (related adjective harapowy)

1. (hunting) hunting crop

   Synonym: korbacz

Declension

Declension of harap

	singular	plural
nominative	harap	harapy
genitive	harapa/harapu	harapów
dative	harapowi	harapom
accusative	harap	harapy
instrumental	harapem	harapami
locative	harapie	harapach
vocative	harapie	harapy

Derived terms

noun

• harapnik

 

verb

• harapować impf

 

Related terms

adjective

• harapnikowy

 

noun

• harapniczek

 

Further reading

• harap in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• harap in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “harap”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna

Romanian

Noun

harap m (plural harapi)

1. Alternative form of arap

Tagalog

Etymology

Borrowed from Malay hadap (“to face”) or Old Javanese harĕp, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qadəp. Compare Yakan harap.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: ha‧rap
• IPA^(key): /haˈɾap/, [hɐˈɾap]
• Rhymes: -ap

Noun

haráp (Baybayin spelling ᜑᜇᜉ᜔)

1. front; forefront

   Synonym: unahan

2. threshold

   Synonyms: bukana, bungad

3. facade; front of a building

   Synonym: patsada

4. presence; attendance

   Synonyms: dalo, pagdalo

5. presenting of oneself to someone

   Synonyms: pakikipagkita, pagharap, pakikiharap

6. submission for discussion or approval (of papers, reports, etc.)
7. actual attendance; actual performance (of one's duty)

   Synonyms: pagtupad, pagsasakatuparan

8. attention given (to a visitor or guest)

   Synonyms: asikaso, pag-aasikaso

9. (euphemistic) genitals

   Synonyms: ari, pag-aari

Derived terms

• haharapin
• harap-harapan
• harapan
• harapin
• hinaharap
• humarap
• iharap
• kaharap
• magharap
• nakaharap
• paghaharap
• pagharap
• pagharapin
• paharapin
• panghinaharap
• sa hinaharap

 

Further reading

• “harap”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila: Sentro ng Wikang Filipino, 2018
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*qadep”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish خراب‎ (harab), ultimately from Arabic خَرَاب‎ (ḵarāb).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [hɑˈɾɑp]

Adjective

harap

1. ruined
2. devastated

Noun

harap (definite accusative harabı, plural haraplar)

1. ruin
2. desolation
3. waste

Derived terms

• harap etmek

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “harap”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Yakan

Verb

harap

1. to face (someone, something, or both)

Derived terms

• harapan