harmonium

See also: Harmonium and harmóníum

English

An Indian harmonium.

Etymology

Borrowed from French harmonium, a term coined by French inventor Alexandre Debain in 1840.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /hɑː(ɹ)ˈməʊ.ni.əm/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /hɑɹˈmoʊ.ni.əm/
• Rhymes: -əʊniəm

Noun

harmonium (plural harmoniums)

1. (music) A small keyboard instrument that consists of a series of reed pipes, which sound when one of the keys is pressed to open a valve that allows air to pass through.
   • 1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “Which Describes Some Strange Doings in Hammersmith”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

     The only other man was a little grey-headed fellow with a pleasant face and quick, twinkling eyes, who sat at a harmonium in the corner.

   • 1933 January 9, George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Down and Out in Paris and London, London: Victor Gollancz […], →OCLC, page 244:

     They were a grave and reverend seignior in a frock coat, a lady sitting at a portable harmonium, and a chinless youth toying with a crucifix.

   • 1951 October, “Notes and News: The Harmonium at Troutbeck”, in Railway Magazine, page 709:

     It [Troutbeck] has religious isolation also, for it is several miles—and very strenuous miles in winter—from the parish church at Mungrisdale, and the introduction of the harmonium to the waiting room was due to the zeal of a vicar of many years ago who, in the absence of any other room in the village, obtained permission to use the premises for services, including Sunday School. Most of his successors have continued this self-sacrificing duty.

2. Synonym of Hooke's atom.

Usage notes

In North America and the United Kingdom, a reed organ with pressure bellows is referred to as a harmonium, whereas in continental Europe, any reed organ is called a harmonium regardless of whether it has pressure or suction bellows.

Derived terms

• harmoniumist
• organ harmonium

Translations

musical instrument

• Catalan: harmònium (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 簧風琴 / 簧风琴 (zh)

• Dutch: harmonium (nl) n
• Finnish: harmoni (fi), urkuharmoni (fi)
• French: harmonium (fr) m
• German: Harmonium (de) n
• Gujarati: પેટીવાજું (peṭīvājũ)
• Hindi: हारमोनियम (hi) (hārmoniyam)
• Icelandic: harmóníum n
• Irish: armóin f
• Konkani: पेटी (peṭī)
• Latin: harmonium n (New Latin)
• Maori: hāmonia
• Marathi: हार्मोनियम (hārmoniyam)
• Norman: harmonium m (Jersey)
• Polish: fisharmonia (pl) f, harmonium (pl) n
• Russian: фисгармо́ния (ru) f (fisgarmónija)
• Tagalog: armonyo
• Telugu: హార్మోనియం (te) (hārmōniyaṁ)
• Urdu: ہارمونیم

See also

• melodeon
• reed organ
• shruti box

Further reading

• harmonium on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

French

Etymology

Coined by French inventor Alexandre Debain in 1840, based on harmonie.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aʁ.mɔ.njɔm/

Noun

harmonium m (plural harmoniums)

1. harmonium

Descendants

• → English: harmonium
• → German: Harmonium
• → Polish: harmonium
• → Turkish: harmonyum, armonyum

Further reading

• “harmonium”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Norman

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

harmonium m (plural harmoniums)

1. (Jersey) harmonium

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

harmonium n (definite singular harmoniet, indefinite plural harmonier, definite plural harmonia or harmoniene)

1. (music) a harmonium or pump organ

   Synonyms: pumpeorgel, salmesykkel, trøorgel, tråorgel

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

harmonium n (definite singular harmoniet, indefinite plural harmonium, definite plural harmonia)

1. (music) a harmonium or pump organ

   Synonyms: pumpeorgel, salmesykkel, trøorgel, tråorgel

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from French harmonium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xarˈmɔ.ɲum/
• Rhymes: -ɔɲum
• Syllabification: har‧mo‧nium

Noun

harmonium n

1. (obsolete) harmonium, pump organ

   Synonym: fisharmonia

Declension

Declension of harmonium

	singular	plural
nominative	harmonium	harmonia
genitive	harmonium	harmoniów
dative	harmonium	harmoniom
accusative	harmonium	harmonia
instrumental	harmonium	harmoniami
locative	harmonium	harmoniach
vocative	harmonium	harmonia

Further reading

• harmonium in Polish dictionaries at PWN