jarang

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay jarang.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒa.raŋ/, [ˈd͡ʒa.raŋ]
• Hyphenation: ja‧rang

Adjective

jarang

1. rare

   Synonym: sulit

Further reading

• “jarang”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Makasar

Etymology

From Old Javanese jaran (“horse”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɟaraŋ/, [ˈɟʝa.rãŋ]
• Hyphenation: ja‧rang

Noun

jarang (Lontara spelling ᨍᨑ)

1. horse

   Kupappicinikangi jarangku riAli

   I let my horse be seen by Ali

   Naumminne rijaranna Karaeng Botolempangang sipanaungang suro bangkeng bicaraya

   Karaeng Botolempangang got down from his horse at the same time as the messenger

2. (card games) A cavalier, the knave or jack in the traditional omi playing card.

Affixations

• aʼjarang
• pajarang
• paʼjaranngang
• paʼjaranngi
• sipaʼjarang-jaranngang

Compounds

• anaʼ jarang
• jarang gana
• jarang laki

Further reading

• A. A. Cense (2024), Makassaars-Nederlands woordenboek‎^[1], Brill, →DOI

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zaʀaŋ (“having wide intervals; seldom”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d͡ʒaraŋ/
• (schwa-variety) IPA^(key): [ˈd͡ʒä.räŋ, -ɾäŋ]
• Rhymes: -araŋ, -raŋ, -aŋ

Adjective

jarang (Jawi spelling جارڠ, comparative lebih jarang, superlative paling jarang)

1. sparse; having intervals or interspaces
2. rare

   Synonym: langka

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• kejarangan [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
• menjarangkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
• dijarangkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)

Descendants

• Indonesian: jarang
• → Tagalog: dalang

Further reading

• "jarang" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017