Phuthi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀bada, extensive derivation of Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀ba (“forget”).
Verb
-líbala
- to forget
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Swazi
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni *ílibálá, from Proto-Bantu *ìbádà.
Noun
líbâla class 5 (plural émábâla class 6)
- spot
- open space, yard
Inflection
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀bada, extensive derivation of Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀ba (“forget”).
Verb
-líbala
- (transitive) to forget
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀bada, extensive derivation of Proto-Bantu *-dɪ̀ba (“forget”).
Pronunciation
IPA(key): /liɓaːla/
Verb
-libala
- (intransitive) to delay, to loiter, to take a long time
- (transitive) to escape (from memory)
Igama lakhe lingilibele.- His name escaped me.
Inflection
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukulibala
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukulibala
|
ukungalibali
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
libala
|
-libale
|
Plural
|
libalani
|
-libaleni
|
|
Stative
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngilibele
|
engilibele
|
ngilibele
|
angilibele
|
engingalibele
|
ngingalibele
|
2nd singular
|
ulibele
|
olibele
|
ulibele
|
awulibele
|
ongalibele
|
ungalibele
|
1st plural
|
silibele
|
esilibele
|
silibele
|
asilibele
|
esingalibele
|
singalibele
|
2nd plural
|
nilibele
|
enilibele
|
nilibele
|
anilibele
|
eningalibele
|
ningalibele
|
Class 1
|
ulibele
|
olibele
|
elibele
|
akalibele
|
ongalibele
|
engalibele
|
Class 2
|
balibele
|
abalibele
|
belibele
|
abalibele
|
abangalibele
|
bengalibele
|
Class 3
|
ulibele
|
olibele
|
ulibele
|
awulibele
|
ongalibele
|
ongalibele
|
Class 4
|
ilibele
|
elibele
|
ilibele
|
ayilibele
|
engalibele
|
ingalibele
|
Class 5
|
lilibele
|
elilibele
|
lilibele
|
alilibele
|
elingalibele
|
lingalibele
|
Class 6
|
alibele
|
alibele
|
elibele
|
awalibele
|
angalibele
|
engalibele
|
Class 7
|
silibele
|
esilibele
|
silibele
|
asilibele
|
esingalibele
|
singalibele
|
Class 8
|
zilibele
|
ezilibele
|
zilibele
|
azilibele
|
ezingalibele
|
zingalibele
|
Class 9
|
ilibele
|
elibele
|
ilibele
|
ayilibele
|
engalibele
|
ingalibele
|
Class 10
|
zilibele
|
ezilibele
|
zilibele
|
azilibele
|
ezingalibele
|
zingalibele
|
Class 11
|
lulibele
|
olulibele
|
lulibele
|
alulibele
|
olungalibele
|
lungalibele
|
Class 14
|
bulibele
|
obulibele
|
bulibele
|
abulibele
|
obungalibele
|
bungalibele
|
Class 15
|
kulibele
|
okulibele
|
kulibele
|
akulibele
|
okungalibele
|
kungalibele
|
Class 17
|
kulibele
|
okulibele
|
kulibele
|
akulibele
|
okungalibele
|
kungalibele
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyalibala, ngilibala
|
engilibalayo, engilibala
|
ngilibala
|
angilibali
|
engingalibali
|
ngingalibali
|
2nd singular
|
uyalibala, ulibala
|
olibalayo, olibala
|
ulibala
|
awulibali
|
ongalibali
|
ungalibali
|
1st plural
|
siyalibala, silibala
|
esilibalayo, esilibala
|
silibala
|
asilibali
|
esingalibali
|
singalibali
|
2nd plural
|
niyalibala, nilibala
|
enilibalayo, enilibala
|
nilibala
|
anilibali
|
eningalibali
|
ningalibali
|
Class 1
|
uyalibala, ulibala
|
olibalayo, olibala
|
elibala
|
akalibali
|
ongalibali
|
engalibali
|
Class 2
|
bayalibala, balibala
|
abalibalayo, abalibala
|
belibala
|
abalibali
|
abangalibali
|
bengalibali
|
Class 3
|
uyalibala, ulibala
|
olibalayo, olibala
|
ulibala
|
awulibali
|
ongalibali
|
ungalibali
|
Class 4
|
iyalibala, ilibala
|
elibalayo, elibala
|
ilibala
|
ayilibali
|
engalibali
|
ingalibali
|
Class 5
|
liyalibala, lilibala
|
elilibalayo, elilibala
|
lilibala
|
alilibali
|
elingalibali
|
lingalibali
|
Class 6
|
ayalibala, alibala
|
alibalayo, alibala
|
elibala
|
awalibali
|
angalibali
|
engalibali
|
Class 7
|
siyalibala, silibala
|
esilibalayo, esilibala
|
silibala
|
asilibali
|
esingalibali
|
singalibali
|
Class 8
|
ziyalibala, zilibala
|
ezilibalayo, ezilibala
|
zilibala
|
azilibali
|
ezingalibali
|
zingalibali
|
Class 9
|
iyalibala, ilibala
|
elibalayo, elibala
|
ilibala
|
ayilibali
|
engalibali
|
ingalibali
|
Class 10
|
ziyalibala, zilibala
|
ezilibalayo, ezilibala
|
zilibala
|
azilibali
|
ezingalibali
|
zingalibali
|
Class 11
|
luyalibala, lulibala
|
olulibalayo, olulibala
|
lulibala
|
alulibali
|
olungalibali
|
lungalibali
|
Class 14
|
buyalibala, bulibala
|
obulibalayo, obulibala
|
bulibala
|
abulibali
|
obungalibali
|
bungalibali
|
Class 15
|
kuyalibala, kulibala
|
okulibalayo, okulibala
|
kulibala
|
akulibali
|
okungalibali
|
kungalibali
|
Class 17
|
kuyalibala, kulibala
|
okulibalayo, okulibala
|
kulibala
|
akulibali
|
okungalibali
|
kungalibali
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngilibalile, ngilibalē
|
engilibalile, engilibalē
|
ngilibalile, ngilibalē
|
angilibalanga
|
engingalibalanga
|
ngingalibalanga
|
2nd singular
|
ulibalile, ulibalē
|
olibalile, olibalē
|
ulibalile, ulibalē
|
awulibalanga
|
ongalibalanga
|
ungalibalanga
|
1st plural
|
silibalile, silibalē
|
esilibalile, esilibalē
|
silibalile, silibalē
|
asilibalanga
|
esingalibalanga
|
singalibalanga
|
2nd plural
|
nilibalile, nilibalē
|
enilibalile, enilibalē
|
nilibalile, nilibalē
|
anilibalanga
|
eningalibalanga
|
ningalibalanga
|
Class 1
|
ulibalile, ulibalē
|
olibalile, olibalē
|
elibalile, elibalē
|
akalibalanga
|
ongalibalanga
|
engalibalanga
|
Class 2
|
balibalile, balibalē
|
abalibalile, abalibalē
|
belibalile, belibalē
|
abalibalanga
|
abangalibalanga
|
bengalibalanga
|
Class 3
|
ulibalile, ulibalē
|
olibalile, olibalē
|
ulibalile, ulibalē
|
awulibalanga
|
ongalibalanga
|
ungalibalanga
|
Class 4
|
ilibalile, ilibalē
|
elibalile, elibalē
|
ilibalile, ilibalē
|
ayilibalanga
|
engalibalanga
|
ingalibalanga
|
Class 5
|
lilibalile, lilibalē
|
elilibalile, elilibalē
|
lilibalile, lilibalē
|
alilibalanga
|
elingalibalanga
|
lingalibalanga
|
Class 6
|
alibalile, alibalē
|
alibalile, alibalē
|
elibalile, elibalē
|
awalibalanga
|
angalibalanga
|
engalibalanga
|
Class 7
|
silibalile, silibalē
|
esilibalile, esilibalē
|
silibalile, silibalē
|
asilibalanga
|
esingalibalanga
|
singalibalanga
|
Class 8
|
zilibalile, zilibalē
|
ezilibalile, ezilibalē
|
zilibalile, zilibalē
|
azilibalanga
|
ezingalibalanga
|
zingalibalanga
|
Class 9
|
ilibalile, ilibalē
|
elibalile, elibalē
|
ilibalile, ilibalē
|
ayilibalanga
|
engalibalanga
|
ingalibalanga
|
Class 10
|
zilibalile, zilibalē
|
ezilibalile, ezilibalē
|
zilibalile, zilibalē
|
azilibalanga
|
ezingalibalanga
|
zingalibalanga
|
Class 11
|
lulibalile, lulibalē
|
olulibalile, olulibalē
|
lulibalile, lulibalē
|
alulibalanga
|
olungalibalanga
|
lungalibalanga
|
Class 14
|
bulibalile, bulibalē
|
obulibalile, obulibalē
|
bulibalile, bulibalē
|
abulibalanga
|
obungalibalanga
|
bungalibalanga
|
Class 15
|
kulibalile, kulibalē
|
okulibalile, okulibalē
|
kulibalile, kulibalē
|
akulibalanga
|
okungalibalanga
|
kungalibalanga
|
Class 17
|
kulibalile, kulibalē
|
okulibalile, okulibalē
|
kulibalile, kulibalē
|
akulibalanga
|
okungalibalanga
|
kungalibalanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngālibala
|
engālibala
|
ngālibala
|
angilibalanga
|
engingalibalanga
|
ngingalibalanga
|
2nd singular
|
wālibala
|
owālibala
|
wālibala
|
awulibalanga
|
ongalibalanga
|
ungalibalanga
|
1st plural
|
sālibala
|
esālibala
|
sālibala
|
asilibalanga
|
esingalibalanga
|
singalibalanga
|
2nd plural
|
nālibala
|
enālibala
|
nālibala
|
anilibalanga
|
eningalibalanga
|
ningalibalanga
|
Class 1
|
wālibala
|
owālibala
|
ālibala
|
akalibalanga
|
ongalibalanga
|
engalibalanga
|
Class 2
|
bālibala
|
abālibala
|
bālibala
|
abalibalanga
|
abangalibalanga
|
bengalibalanga
|
Class 3
|
wālibala
|
owālibala
|
wālibala
|
awulibalanga
|
ongalibalanga
|
ungalibalanga
|
Class 4
|
yālibala
|
eyālibala
|
yālibala
|
ayilibalanga
|
engalibalanga
|
ingalibalanga
|
Class 5
|
lālibala
|
elālibala
|
lālibala
|
alilibalanga
|
elingalibalanga
|
lingalibalanga
|
Class 6
|
ālibala
|
ālibala
|
ālibala
|
awalibalanga
|
angalibalanga
|
engalibalanga
|
Class 7
|
sālibala
|
esālibala
|
sālibala
|
asilibalanga
|
esingalibalanga
|
singalibalanga
|
Class 8
|
zālibala
|
ezālibala
|
zālibala
|
azilibalanga
|
ezingalibalanga
|
zingalibalanga
|
Class 9
|
yālibala
|
eyālibala
|
yālibala
|
ayilibalanga
|
engalibalanga
|
ingalibalanga
|
Class 10
|
zālibala
|
ezālibala
|
zālibala
|
azilibalanga
|
ezingalibalanga
|
zingalibalanga
|
Class 11
|
lwālibala
|
olwālibala
|
lwālibala
|
alulibalanga
|
olungalibalanga
|
lungalibalanga
|
Class 14
|
bālibala
|
obālibala
|
bālibala
|
abulibalanga
|
obungalibalanga
|
bungalibalanga
|
Class 15
|
kwālibala
|
okwālibala
|
kwālibala
|
akulibalanga
|
okungalibalanga
|
kungalibalanga
|
Class 17
|
kwālibala
|
okwālibala
|
kwālibala
|
akulibalanga
|
okungalibalanga
|
kungalibalanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingalibala
|
—
|
ngingalibala
|
ngingelibale
|
—
|
ngingelibale
|
2nd singular
|
ungalibala
|
—
|
ungalibala
|
ungelibale
|
—
|
ungelibale
|
1st plural
|
singalibala
|
—
|
singalibala
|
singelibale
|
—
|
singelibale
|
2nd plural
|
ningalibala
|
—
|
ningalibala
|
ningelibale
|
—
|
ningelibale
|
Class 1
|
angalibala
|
—
|
engalibala
|
angelibale
|
—
|
engelibale
|
Class 2
|
bangalibala
|
—
|
bengalibala
|
bangelibale
|
—
|
bengelibale
|
Class 3
|
ungalibala
|
—
|
ungalibala
|
ungelibale
|
—
|
ungelibale
|
Class 4
|
ingalibala
|
—
|
ingalibala
|
ingelibale
|
—
|
ingelibale
|
Class 5
|
lingalibala
|
—
|
lingalibala
|
lingelibale
|
—
|
lingelibale
|
Class 6
|
angalibala
|
—
|
engalibala
|
angelibale
|
—
|
engelibale
|
Class 7
|
singalibala
|
—
|
singalibala
|
singelibale
|
—
|
singelibale
|
Class 8
|
zingalibala
|
—
|
zingalibala
|
zingelibale
|
—
|
zingelibale
|
Class 9
|
ingalibala
|
—
|
ingalibala
|
ingelibale
|
—
|
ingelibale
|
Class 10
|
zingalibala
|
—
|
zingalibala
|
zingelibale
|
—
|
zingelibale
|
Class 11
|
lungalibala
|
—
|
lungalibala
|
lungelibale
|
—
|
lungelibale
|
Class 14
|
bungalibala
|
—
|
bungalibala
|
bungelibale
|
—
|
bungelibale
|
Class 15
|
kungalibala
|
—
|
kungalibala
|
kungelibale
|
—
|
kungelibale
|
Class 17
|
kungalibala
|
—
|
kungalibala
|
kungelibale
|
—
|
kungelibale
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizolibala
|
engizolibala
|
ngizolibala
|
angizulibala
|
engingezulibala
|
ngingezulibala
|
2nd singular
|
uzolibala
|
ozolibala
|
uzolibala
|
awuzulibala
|
ongezulibala
|
ungezulibala
|
1st plural
|
sizolibala
|
esizolibala
|
sizolibala
|
asizulibala
|
esingezulibala
|
singezulibala
|
2nd plural
|
nizolibala
|
enizolibala
|
nizolibala
|
anizulibala
|
eningezulibala
|
ningezulibala
|
Class 1
|
uzolibala
|
ozolibala
|
ezolibala
|
akazulibala
|
ongezulibala
|
engezulibala
|
Class 2
|
bazolibala
|
abazolibala
|
bezolibala
|
abazulibala
|
abangezulibala
|
bengezulibala
|
Class 3
|
uzolibala
|
ozolibala
|
uzolibala
|
awuzulibala
|
ongezulibala
|
ungezulibala
|
Class 4
|
izolibala
|
ezolibala
|
izolibala
|
ayizulibala
|
engezulibala
|
ingezulibala
|
Class 5
|
lizolibala
|
elizolibala
|
lizolibala
|
alizulibala
|
elingezulibala
|
lingezulibala
|
Class 6
|
azolibala
|
azolibala
|
ezolibala
|
awazulibala
|
angezulibala
|
engezulibala
|
Class 7
|
sizolibala
|
esizolibala
|
sizolibala
|
asizulibala
|
esingezulibala
|
singezulibala
|
Class 8
|
zizolibala
|
ezizolibala
|
zizolibala
|
azizulibala
|
ezingezulibala
|
zingezulibala
|
Class 9
|
izolibala
|
ezolibala
|
izolibala
|
ayizulibala
|
engezulibala
|
ingezulibala
|
Class 10
|
zizolibala
|
ezizolibala
|
zizolibala
|
azizulibala
|
ezingezulibala
|
zingezulibala
|
Class 11
|
luzolibala
|
oluzolibala
|
luzolibala
|
aluzulibala
|
olungezulibala
|
lungezulibala
|
Class 14
|
buzolibala
|
obuzolibala
|
buzolibala
|
abuzulibala
|
obungezulibala
|
bungezulibala
|
Class 15
|
kuzolibala
|
okuzolibala
|
kuzolibala
|
akuzulibala
|
okungezulibala
|
kungezulibala
|
Class 17
|
kuzolibala
|
okuzolibala
|
kuzolibala
|
akuzulibala
|
okungezulibala
|
kungezulibala
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyolibala
|
engiyolibala
|
ngiyolibala
|
angiyulibala
|
engingeyulibala
|
ngingeyulibala
|
2nd singular
|
uyolibala
|
oyolibala
|
uyolibala
|
awuyulibala
|
ongeyulibala
|
ungeyulibala
|
1st plural
|
siyolibala
|
esiyolibala
|
siyolibala
|
asiyulibala
|
esingeyulibala
|
singeyulibala
|
2nd plural
|
niyolibala
|
eniyolibala
|
niyolibala
|
aniyulibala
|
eningeyulibala
|
ningeyulibala
|
Class 1
|
uyolibala
|
oyolibala
|
eyolibala
|
akayulibala
|
ongeyulibala
|
engeyulibala
|
Class 2
|
bayolibala
|
abayolibala
|
beyolibala
|
abayulibala
|
abangeyulibala
|
bengeyulibala
|
Class 3
|
uyolibala
|
oyolibala
|
uyolibala
|
awuyulibala
|
ongeyulibala
|
ungeyulibala
|
Class 4
|
iyolibala
|
eyolibala
|
iyolibala
|
ayiyulibala
|
engeyulibala
|
ingeyulibala
|
Class 5
|
liyolibala
|
eliyolibala
|
liyolibala
|
aliyulibala
|
elingeyulibala
|
lingeyulibala
|
Class 6
|
ayolibala
|
ayolibala
|
eyolibala
|
awayulibala
|
angeyulibala
|
engeyulibala
|
Class 7
|
siyolibala
|
esiyolibala
|
siyolibala
|
asiyulibala
|
esingeyulibala
|
singeyulibala
|
Class 8
|
ziyolibala
|
eziyolibala
|
ziyolibala
|
aziyulibala
|
ezingeyulibala
|
zingeyulibala
|
Class 9
|
iyolibala
|
eyolibala
|
iyolibala
|
ayiyulibala
|
engeyulibala
|
ingeyulibala
|
Class 10
|
ziyolibala
|
eziyolibala
|
ziyolibala
|
aziyulibala
|
ezingeyulibala
|
zingeyulibala
|
Class 11
|
luyolibala
|
oluyolibala
|
luyolibala
|
aluyulibala
|
olungeyulibala
|
lungeyulibala
|
Class 14
|
buyolibala
|
obuyolibala
|
buyolibala
|
abuyulibala
|
obungeyulibala
|
bungeyulibala
|
Class 15
|
kuyolibala
|
okuyolibala
|
kuyolibala
|
akuyulibala
|
okungeyulibala
|
kungeyulibala
|
Class 17
|
kuyolibala
|
okuyolibala
|
kuyolibala
|
akuyulibala
|
okungeyulibala
|
kungeyulibala
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngilibale
|
ngingalibali
|
2nd singular
|
ulibale
|
ungalibali
|
1st plural
|
silibale
|
singalibali
|
2nd plural
|
nilibale
|
ningalibali
|
Class 1
|
alibale
|
angalibali
|
Class 2
|
balibale
|
bangalibali
|
Class 3
|
ulibale
|
ungalibali
|
Class 4
|
ilibale
|
ingalibali
|
Class 5
|
lilibale
|
lingalibali
|
Class 6
|
alibale
|
angalibali
|
Class 7
|
silibale
|
singalibali
|
Class 8
|
zilibale
|
zingalibali
|
Class 9
|
ilibale
|
ingalibali
|
Class 10
|
zilibale
|
zingalibali
|
Class 11
|
lulibale
|
lungalibali
|
Class 14
|
bulibale
|
bungalibali
|
Class 15
|
kulibale
|
kungalibali
|
Class 17
|
kulibale
|
kungalibali
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngalibala
|
ngangalibala, angalibala, angangalibala
|
2nd singular
|
walibala
|
wangalibala, awalibala, awangalibala
|
1st plural
|
salibala
|
sangalibala, asalibala, asangalibala
|
2nd plural
|
nalibala
|
nangalibala, analibala, anangalibala
|
Class 1
|
walibala
|
wangalibala, akalibala, akangalibala
|
Class 2
|
balibala
|
bangalibala, abalibala, abangalibala
|
Class 3
|
walibala
|
wangalibala, awalibala, awangalibala
|
Class 4
|
yalibala
|
yangalibala, ayalibala, ayangalibala
|
Class 5
|
lalibala
|
langalibala, alalibala, alangalibala
|
Class 6
|
alibala
|
angalibala, awalibala, awangalibala
|
Class 7
|
salibala
|
sangalibala, asalibala, asangalibala
|
Class 8
|
zalibala
|
zangalibala, azalibala, azangalibala
|
Class 9
|
yalibala
|
yangalibala, ayalibala, ayangalibala
|
Class 10
|
zalibala
|
zangalibala, azalibala, azangalibala
|
Class 11
|
lwalibala
|
lwangalibala, alwalibala, alwangalibala
|
Class 14
|
balibala
|
bangalibala, abalibala, abangalibala
|
Class 15
|
kwalibala
|
kwangalibala, akwalibala, akwangalibala
|
Class 17
|
kwalibala
|
kwangalibala, akwalibala, akwangalibala
|
References