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Egyptian
Pronunciation
Verb
3-lit.
( transitive ) to direct , to guide
( reflexive ) to be true
( reflexive , law ) to be innocent
( reflexive ) to be just or fair
( transitive ) to make an offering of
Inflection
Conjugation of mꜣꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: mꜣꜥ , geminated stem: mꜣꜥꜥ
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
mꜣꜥ
mꜣꜥw , mꜣꜥ
mꜣꜥt
mꜣꜥ
mꜣꜥ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
mꜣꜥ
ḥr mꜣꜥ
m mꜣꜥ
r mꜣꜥ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
mꜣꜥ.n
mꜣꜥw , mꜣꜥ
consecutive
mꜣꜥ.jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
mꜣꜥt
perfective 3
mꜣꜥ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
obligative1
mꜣꜥ.ḫr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
mꜣꜥ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
mꜣꜥ
mꜣꜥꜥ
potentialis1
mꜣꜥ.kꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
mꜣꜥ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
mꜣꜥ.n
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
—
—
perfective
mꜣꜥ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
mꜣꜥ
mꜣꜥ , mꜣꜥw 5 , mꜣꜥy 5
imperfective
mꜣꜥ , mꜣꜥy , mꜣꜥw 5
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
mꜣꜥ , mꜣꜥj 6 , mꜣꜥy 6
mꜣꜥ , mꜣꜥw 5
prospective
mꜣꜥ , mꜣꜥtj 7
—
mꜣꜥtj 4 , mꜣꜥt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f /.fj , feminine .s /.sj , dual .sn /.snj , plural .sn .
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mꜣꜥ
Derived terms
Noun
m
( anatomy ) temple
Inflection
Declension of mꜣꜥ (masculine)
Derived terms
References
Hoch, James (1997 ) Middle Egyptian Grammar , Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN , pages 55, 128