pharaoh

See also: Pharaoh

English

Tutankhamun, a pharaoh

Alternative forms

• pharao (the supreme ruler of ancient Egypt)
• Pharaoh (the supreme ruler of ancient Egypt)
• pharaon (archaic)

Etymology

From Middle English pharao (also as pharaon, farao, faraon, etc.), from Old English pharao, from Late Latin Pharaō, from Ancient Greek Φαραώ (Pharaṓ), from Hebrew פַּרְעֹה‎ (par‘ōh), from Egyptian pr ꜥꜣ (“palace, pharaoh”, literally “pr (“house”) + ꜥꜣ (“great, big”)”).

Pronunciation

• (UK, General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈfɛːɹəʊ/, /ˈfɛəɹəʊ/

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈfæɹoʊ/, /ˈfɛ(ə)ɹoʊ/
• Rhymes: (UK, General Australian) -ɛːɹəʊ, (UK, US, General Australian) -ɛəɹəʊ, (US) -æɹoʊ
• Homophones: faro, Faroe
• Hyphenation: pha‧raoh

Noun

pharaoh (countable and uncountable, plural pharaohs)

1. (historical) The supreme ruler of Ancient Egypt; a formal address for the sovereign seat of power as personified by the "king" in an institutional role of Horus son of Osiris; often used by metonymy for Ancient Egyptian sovereignty
   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 14:18, column 1:

     And the Egyptians ſhall know that I am the Lord, when I haue gotten me honour vpon Pharaoh, vpon his charets, and vpon his horſemen.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:pharaoh

2. (uncountable, card games) The card game faro.
   • 1945, Robert Hardy Andrews, Burning gold:

     "I pray, when I play pharaoh at White's, that the cards fall as they have come to my hand in this large gamble," Anstis said.

Hyponyms

• (female): pharaohess

Derived terms

• pharaoh ant
• pharaohess
• pharaonic

Translations

supreme ruler of ancient Egypt

• Aghul: ферӏеван (ferӏevan)
• Albanian: faraon m
• Amharic: ፈርኦን (färʾon)
• Arabic: فِرْعَوْن‎ (ar) m (firʕawn)

  Egyptian Arabic: فرعون‎ m (furʕūn)

  Hijazi Arabic: فرعون‎ m (firʕōn)

• Aramaic:

  Classical Syriac: ܦܪܥܘܢ‎ m (perʿūn)

• Armenian: փարավոն (hy) (pʿaravon)
• Asturian: faraón (ast) m
• Avar: фиргӏавн (firʻawn)
• Azerbaijani: firon
• Bashkir: фирғәүен (firğäwen)
• Bats: please add this translation if you can
• Belarusian: фарао́н m (faraón)
• Bengali: ফেরাউন (pheraun)
• Bulgarian: фарао́н m (faraón)
• Burmese: ဖါရော (hparau:)
• Catalan: faraó (ca) m
• Chechen: пирӏон (pirˀon)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 法老 (zh) (fǎlǎo)

• Coptic: ⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ (pharaō)
• Czech: faraon (cs) m, farao (cs) m
• Danish: farao c
• Dargwa: пиргӏяван (pirʿəvan)
• Dutch: farao (nl) m
• Egyptian: (nswt-bjtj m), (nsw m), (Late Egyptian) (pr ꜥꜣ m)
• Esperanto: faraono
• Estonian: vaarao
• Faroese: farao c
• Finnish: faarao (fi)
• French: pharaon (fr) m
• Galician: faraón (gl) m
• Ge'ez: ፈርዖን (färʿon)
• Georgian: ფარაონი (paraoni)
• German: Pharao (de) m, Pharaonin (de) f
• Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍉 (faraō)
• Greek: Φαραώ (el) m (Faraó), φαραώ m (faraó)

  Ancient Greek: Φαραώ m (Pharaṓ), Φαραών m (Pharaṓn)

• Hebrew: פַּרְעֹה‎ (he) m (par'ó)
• Hindi: फ़िरौन m (firaun), फ़ैरो m (fairo), फिरऔन (hi) m (phiraaun), फ़िरऔन (firaaun)
• Hungarian: fáraó (hu)
• Icelandic: faraó m
• Ido: faraono (io)
• Ilocano: paraon
• Indonesian: firaun
• Ingush: пирӏов (pirˀow), перӏун (perˀun)
• Italian: faraone (it) m
• Japanese: ファラオ (farao)
• Kazakh: перғауын (perğauyn)
• Khmer: ផារ៉ាអុង (para'ong), ផារ៉ោន (phaaraon)
• Korean: 파라오 (ko) (parao)
• Kumyk: пиравун (pirawun)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: fîrewn (ku) m

• Kyrgyz: фараон (faraon)
• Lak: пиръаьн (pirʼän)
• Lao: please add this translation if you can
• Latin: pharaō m
• Latvian: faraons m
• Lezgi: фиръаван (firʾavan)
• Lithuanian: faraonas (lt) m
• Macedonian: фараон m (faraon)
• Malagasy: farao (mg), Farao
• Malay: firaun (ms)
• Maltese: fargħun m
• Maori: pārao
• Mongolian: фараон (mn) (faraon)
• Norwegian: farao (no) m
• Occitan: faraon (oc) m
• Old Church Slavonic: фараѡнъ (faraonŭ)
• Old East Slavic: фараонъ m (faraonŭ)
• Oriya: ଫାରୋ (or) (pharo)
• Ottoman Turkish: فرعون‎ (fir’avn)
• Pashto: فرعون‎ (ps) m (fer'áwn)
• Persian: فرعون‎ (fa) (fer'own)
• Polish: faraon (pl) m
• Portuguese: faraó (pt) m
• Punjabi: ਫਰਾਓਹੋ m (pharāoho)
• Romanian: faraon (ro) m
• Russian: фарао́н (ru) m (faraón)
• Rutul: фергьаӏвын
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: фара̀о̄н m

  Roman: faràōn (sh) m

• Slovak: faraón (sk) m
• Spanish: faraón (es) m
• Swahili: firauni (sw)
• Swedish: farao (sv) c
• Tabasaran: фяряуьн (fjarjau̱n)
• Tagalog: paraon
• Tajik: фиръавн (firʾavn)
• Tatar: фиргавен (tt) (firgawen)
• Thai: ฟาโรห์ (faa-roo)
• Turkish: firavun (tr)
• Turkmen: faraon
• Ukrainian: фарао́н (uk) m (faraón)
• Urdu: فرعون‎ (ur) m (fir'aun)
• Uyghur: فىرئەۋىن‎ (fir'ewin)
• Uzbek: firʼavn (uz)
• Vietnamese: pha-ra-ông
• Volapük: (♂♀) faraon, (♂) hifaraon, (♀) jifaraon
• Yiddish: פּרעה‎ m (pare)
• Zulu: please add this translation if you can