presume
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English[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- præsume (archaic)
Etymology[edit]
From Anglo-Norman presumer, Middle French presumer, and their source, Latin praesūmere (“to take beforehand, anticipate”), from prae- + sūmere (“to take”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (UK) IPA(key): /pɹɪˈzjuːm/
- (US) IPA(key): /pɹiˈz(j)um/, /pɹəˈz(j)um/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /pɹɪˈzjuːm/, /pɹɪˈʒuːm/
- (New Zealand) IPA(key): /pɹɘˈzjʉːm/, /pɹɘˈʒʉːm/
Audio (US) (file) Audio (UK) (file)
Verb[edit]
presume (third-person singular simple present presumes, present participle presuming, simple past and past participle presumed)
- (transitive) With infinitive object: to be so presumptuous as (to do something) without proper authority or permission. [from 14th c.]
- I wouldn't presume to tell him how to do his job.
- (transitive, now rare) To perform, do (something) without authority; to lay claim to without permission. [from 14th c.]
- Don't make the decision yourself and presume too much.
- (transitive) To assume or suggest to be true (without proof); to take for granted, to suppose. [from 14th c.]
- Paw-prints in the snow allow us to presume a visit from next door's cat.
- Dr. Livingstone, I presume?
- (transitive) To take as a premise; to assume for the sake of argument.
- 2011, John Patterson, The Guardian, 5 Feb 2011:
- If we presume that human cloning may one day become a mundane, everyday reality, then maybe it's time to start thinking more positively about our soon-to-arrive genetically engineered pseudo-siblings.
- 2011, John Patterson, The Guardian, 5 Feb 2011:
- (intransitive) To be presumptuous; with on, upon, to take advantage (of), to take liberties (with). [from 15th c.]
- 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 22”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, OCLC 216596634:
- Presume not on thy heart when mine is slain;
- Thou gavest me thine, not to give back again.
- 1815, Jane Austen, Emma, volume II, chapter 15:
- Emma was not required, by any subsequent discovery, to retract her ill opinion of Mrs. Elton. Her observation had been pretty correct. Such as Mrs. Elton appeared to her on this second interview, such she appeared whenever they met again,—self-important, presuming, familiar, ignorant, and ill-bred.
- 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 75:
- Piliso then vented his anger on us, accusing us of lying to him. He said we had presumed on his hospitality and the good name of the regent.
Synonyms[edit]
- (to assume to be true): see Thesaurus:suppose
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
to assume to be true, suppose
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked
Anagrams[edit]
Italian[edit]
Verb[edit]
presume
Anagrams[edit]
Portuguese[edit]
Verb[edit]
presume
- inflection of presumir:
Spanish[edit]
Verb[edit]
presume
Categories:
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁em-
- English terms derived from Anglo-Norman
- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with rare senses
- English intransitive verbs
- English terms with quotations
- English raising verbs
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian verb forms
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese verb forms
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish verb forms
- Spanish forms of verbs ending in -ir