punir

Catalan

Etymology

From , from Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.

Verb

punir (first-person singular present puneixo, first-person singular preterite puní, past participle punit)

1. to punish

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French

Etymology

From Middle French punir, from Old French punir, from Latin pūnīre, present active infinitive of pūniō. May have been borrowed due to its late appearance.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /py.niʁ/

• audio

  (file)

Verb

punir

1. to punish

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of punir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	punir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	punissant /py.ni.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		puni /py.ni/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	punis /py.ni/	punis /py.ni/	punit /py.ni/	punissons /py.ni.sɔ̃/	punissez /py.ni.se/	punissent /py.nis/
	imperfect	punissais /py.ni.sɛ/	punissais /py.ni.sɛ/	punissait /py.ni.sɛ/	punissions /py.ni.sjɔ̃/	punissiez /py.ni.sje/	punissaient /py.ni.sɛ/
	past historic2	punis /py.ni/	punis /py.ni/	punit /py.ni/	punîmes /py.nim/	punîtes /py.nit/	punirent /py.niʁ/
	future	punirai /py.ni.ʁe/	puniras /py.ni.ʁa/	punira /py.ni.ʁa/	punirons /py.ni.ʁɔ̃/	punirez /py.ni.ʁe/	puniront /py.ni.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	punirais /py.ni.ʁɛ/	punirais /py.ni.ʁɛ/	punirait /py.ni.ʁɛ/	punirions /py.ni.ʁjɔ̃/	puniriez /py.ni.ʁje/	puniraient /py.ni.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	punisse /py.nis/	punisses /py.nis/	punisse /py.nis/	punissions /py.ni.sjɔ̃/	punissiez /py.ni.sje/	punissent /py.nis/
	imperfect2	punisse /py.nis/	punisses /py.nis/	punît /py.ni/	punissions /py.ni.sjɔ̃/	punissiez /py.ni.sje/	punissent /py.nis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	punis /py.ni/	—	punissons /py.ni.sɔ̃/	punissez /py.ni.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• punition

Further reading

• “punir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Middle French

Etymology

From Old French punir, from Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.

Verb

punir

1. to punish

Descendants

• French: punir

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Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan punir, from Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.

Verb

punir

1. to punish

   Synonym: castigar

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

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Old French

Etymology

From Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.

Verb

punir

1. to punish

Descendants

• Middle French: punir
  • French: punir
• → English: punish

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Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.

Verb

punir

1. to punish

Descendants

• Catalan: punir
• Occitan: punir

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Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.

Verb

1. to punish

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Spanish

Etymology

From Latin pūnīre, present infinitive of pūniō.

Verb

1. to punish