qualm

See also: Qualm

English

Alternative forms

• calm (dialectal)

Etymology

Perhaps from Middle English qualm, cwalm (“death, sickness, plague”), which is from Old English cwealm (West Saxon: "death, disaster, plague"), ūtcualm (Anglian: "utter destruction"), from Proto-Germanic *kwalmaz (“killing, death, destruction”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to stick, pierce; pain, injury, death”), whence also quell. Although the sense development is possible, this has the problem that there are no attestations in intermediate senses before the appearance of "pang of apprehension, etc." in the 16th century. The alternative etymology is from Dutch kwalm or German Qualm "steam, vapor, mist," earlier "daze, stupefaction", which is from the root of German quellen (“stream, well up”). The sense "feeling of faintness" is from 1530; "uneasiness, doubt" from 1553; "scruple of conscience" from 1649.

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /kwɑm/, /kwɔm/, /kwɑlm/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kwɑːm/, /kwɔːm/

Noun

qualm (plural qualms)

1. (now chiefly Britain dialectal) Mortality; plague; pestilence.
2. (now chiefly Britain dialectal) A calamity or disaster.
3. A feeling of apprehension, doubt, fear etc. [from 16th c.]
   • 2012 August 25, Andy Pasztor, “Armstrong, First Man on Moon, Dies”, in Wall Street Journal‎^[1], retrieved 2012-08-26:

     Opponents of those privatization plans hoped to use Mr. Armstrong's qualms as ammunition to block the White House initiatives, and they asked for more public statements.

4. A sudden sickly feeling; queasiness. [from 16th c.]
5. A prick of the conscience; a moral scruple, a pang of guilt. (Now chiefly in negative constructions.) [from 17th c.]

   This lawyer has no qualms about saving people who are on the wrong side of the law.

Synonyms

• compunction
• misgiving
• scruple
• uneasy

Derived terms

Derived terms

• qualmish
• qualmishly

• qualmishness
• qualmy

Translations

sudden feeling of apprehension, doubt, fear etc.

• Dutch: angstgevoel n, onbehagen (nl) n, bedenking (nl), onzekerheid (nl), twijfel (nl)
• Finnish: epävarmuus (fi), epäilys (fi)
• Italian: dubbio (it) m, apprensione (it) f, paura (it) f

• Portuguese: apreensão (pt) f, receio (pt) m
• Russian: сомне́ние (ru) n (somnénije), расте́рянность (ru) f (rastérjannostʹ)
• Swedish: betänklighet (sv)

sickly feeling of being ill at ease; sudden queasiness

• Dutch: braakkneiging, (plotse) onpasselijkheid, (aanval van) misselijkheid
• Finnish: kuvotus (fi), etominen (fi)
• Portuguese: mal-estar (pt) m

• Romanian: greață (ro) f
• Russian: тошнота́ (ru) f (tošnotá)

prick of the conscience, moral scrupule

• Dutch: gewetensaanval, gewetensbezwaar (nl) n, scrupule (nl) m, wroeging (nl)
• Finnish: tunnontuska
• French: scrupule (fr) m
• German: Gewissensbisse (de) m pl
• Italian: scrupolo (it) m

• Maori: potau
• Portuguese: escrúpulo (pt) m
• Romanian: scrupul (ro) n, compuncțiune f
• Russian: угрызе́ния со́вести n pl (ugryzénija sóvesti)
• Spanish: escrúpulo (es) m

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

• German: ^{(please verify)} Skrupel (de) m, ^{(please verify)} Unbehagen (de), ^{(please verify)} Bedenken (de) n pl
• Interlingua: ^{(please verify)} scrupulo, ^{(please verify)} apprehension, ^{(please verify)} nausea
• Italian: ^{(please verify)} scrupolo (it)

• Latin: ^{(please verify)} defectio, ^{(please verify)} fastidium, ^{(please verify)} nausea
• Spanish: ^{(please verify)} escrupulo, ^{(please verify)} naúsea

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Middle English

Alternative forms

• cwalm, cualm, qwalm, qualme

Etymology

From Old English cwealm, from Proto-Germanic *kwalmaz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kwalm/

Noun

qualm

1. Plague, disease or sickness; that which afflicts.
2. The effects, fruits, or ravages of plague.
3. (rare) Killing (as a concept or as an instance)

Descendants

• English: qualm (possibly)
• Scots: qualm (possibly)

References

• “qualm (n.(1))” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-11-12.