rí

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "ri"

Hungarian

Etymology

An onomatopoeia.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈriː]
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

rí

  1. (intransitive, literary, folksy) to weep
    Synonym: sír
  2. (transitive, literary, folksy) to say something while weeping

Conjugation

conjugation of rí
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. rívok rísz rí rívunk rítok rínak
Def. rívom rívod ríja ríjuk ríjátok ríják
2nd-p. o. rílak ―
Past Indef. ríttam ríttál rítt ríttunk ríttatok ríttak
Def. ríttam ríttad rítta ríttuk ríttátok rítták
2nd-p. o. ríttalak ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ríni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. rívék rívál ríva rívánk rívátok rívának
Def. rívám rívád rívá rívánk rívátok rívák
2nd-p. o. ríválak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. rí vala, rítt vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. rívandok rívandasz rívand rívandunk rívandotok rívandanak
Def. rívandom rívandod rívandja rívandjuk rívandjátok rívandják
2nd-p. o. rívandalak ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. rínék rínál rína rínánk rínátok rínának
Def. rínám rínád ríná rínánk
(or rínók) 		rínátok rínák
2nd-p. o. rínálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rítt volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. ríjak ríj or
ríjál 		ríjon ríjunk ríjatok ríjanak
Def. ríjam rídd or
ríjad 		ríja ríjuk ríjátok ríják
2nd-p. o. ríjalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rítt légyen
Infinitive ríni rínom rínod rínia rínunk rínotok ríniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
rívás rívó rítt rívandó ríva (ríván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of rí
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. ríhatok ríhatsz ríhat ríhatunk ríhattok ríhatnak
Def. ríhatom ríhatod ríhatja ríhatjuk ríhatjátok ríhatják
2nd-p. o. ríhatlak ―
Past Indef. ríhattam ríhattál ríhatott ríhattunk ríhattatok ríhattak
Def. ríhattam ríhattad ríhatta ríhattuk ríhattátok ríhatták
2nd-p. o. ríhattalak ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. ríhaték ríhatál ríhata ríhatánk ríhatátok ríhatának
Def. ríhatám ríhatád ríhatá ríhatánk ríhatátok ríhaták
2nd-p. o. ríhatálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. ríhat vala, ríhatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. ríhatandok or rívandhatok ríhatandasz or rívandhatsz ríhatand or rívandhat ríhatandunk or rívandhatunk ríhatandotok or rívandhattok ríhatandanak or rívandhatnak
Def. ríhatandom or rívandhatom ríhatandod or rívandhatod ríhatandja or rívandhatja ríhatandjuk or rívandhatjuk ríhatandjátok or rívandhatjátok ríhatandják or rívandhatják
2nd-p. o. ríhatandalak or rívandhatlak ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. ríhatnék ríhatnál ríhatna ríhatnánk ríhatnátok ríhatnának
Def. ríhatnám ríhatnád ríhatná ríhatnánk
(or ríhatnók) 		ríhatnátok ríhatnák
2nd-p. o. ríhatnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ríhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. ríhassak ríhass or
ríhassál 		ríhasson ríhassunk ríhassatok ríhassanak
Def. ríhassam ríhasd or
ríhassad 		ríhassa ríhassuk ríhassátok ríhassák
2nd-p. o. ríhassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ríhatott légyen
Inf. (ríhatni) (ríhatnom) (ríhatnod) (ríhatnia) (ríhatnunk) (ríhatnotok) (ríhatniuk)
Positive adjective ríható Neg. adj. ríhatatlan Adv. part. (ríhatva / ríhatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ rí in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish rí, from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).

Pronunciation

Noun

rí m (genitive singular rí, nominative plural ríthe)

  1. king (male monarch)
  2. king (chess; cards; checkers/draughts)

Declension

Declension of rí

Fourth declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative rí ríthe
Vocative a rí a ríthe
Genitive rí ríthe
Dative rí ríthe

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an rí na ríthe
Genitive an rí na ríthe
Dative leis an rí

don rí

leis na ríthe
  • Superseded spelling of genitive singular: ríogh
  • Superseded spelling of dative singular: rígh
  • Alternative nominative plural: ríogha
  • Alternative genitive plural: ríogh

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Descendants

  • English: Ryan (name)

See also

Chess pieces in Irish · fir fichille (layout · text)
♚ ♛ ♜ ♝ ♞ ♟
rí banríon caiseal easpag ridire ceithearnach, fichillín

Further reading

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”), which is derived from *h₃reǵ-. Cognates include Sanskrit राज् (rāj, “king”), राजन् (rājan), and Latin rēx (“king”).

Pronunciation

Noun

rí m (genitive ríg, nominative plural ríg)

  1. king
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 85d7
      amtis forbristi ind ríg, glosses principibus oppressis
    • c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
      Boí rí amra for Laignib, .i. Mac Dathó a ainm.
      There was a famous king over the Leinstermen; Mac Dathó was his name.

Declension

Masculine g-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative rí rígL ríg
Vocative rí rígL ríga
Accusative rígN rígL ríga
Genitive ríg ríg rígN
Dative rígL rígaib rígaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Synonyms

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

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