rancor

English

Alternative forms

• rancour (Commonwealth)

Etymology

First attested in the 13th century as Middle English rancour, from Old French rancor, from Latin rancor (“rancidity, grudge, rancor”), from ranceō (“I am rotten or putrid”), from which also English rancid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɹæŋ.kɚ/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æŋkə(ɹ)
• Homophone: ranker

Noun

rancor (countable and uncountable, plural rancors)

1. (American spelling) A feeling of long-lasting ire for another, sometimes to the point of hatred, over a perceived wrongdoing; bitterness.

   I could almost see the rancor in his eyes when he challenged me to a fight.

2. (rare) Rancidity, rankness.

Derived terms

• rancorous
• rancorously

Related terms

• rancid

Translations

the deepest malignity or spite

• Armenian: քեն (hy) (kʿen)
• Asturian: rancor m
• Bulgarian: омраза (bg) f (omraza), злоба (bg) n (zloba), ненавист (bg) f (nenavist)
• Catalan: rancúnia f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 怨恨 (zh) (yuànhèn), 仇恨 (zh) (chóuhèn), 敵意／敌意 (zh) (díyì)

• Czech: zášť (cs), nevraživost, nenávist (cs)
• Dutch: rancune (nl), wrok (nl)
• Finnish: kauna (fi), katkeruus (fi), viha (fi)
• French: rancune (fr) f
• Galician: rancor (gl) m, xenreira (gl) f
• German: Groll (de) m
• Hebrew: איבה‎ (he) f (eyvá)
• Hungarian: rosszakarat (hu), gyűlölet (hu)
• Irish: aicis f
• Italian: rancore (it) m
• Maori: kaikino, hūneinei, hūngeingei
• Occitan: rancura (oc) f
• Polish: uraza (pl) f, żal (pl) m
• Portuguese: rancor (pt) m
• Romanian: ranchiună (ro) f, pică (ro) f, rancoare f
• Russian: злопамятство (ru) n (zlopamjatstvo), затаённая не́нависть f (zatajónnaja nénavistʹ)
• Spanish: rencor (es) m
• Turkish: hiddet (tr), öfke (tr)

References

• “rancor”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Anagrams

• Carron, Cranor

Asturian

Noun

rancor m (plural rancores)

1. rancor (the deepest malignity or spite)

Galician

Etymology

Attested since the 15th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese (compare Old Galicia-Portuguese rancura, 13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin rancor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /raŋˈkoɾ/

Noun

rancor m (plural rancores)

1. rancor; grudge
   • 1446, M. González Garcés, editor, Historia de La Coruña. Edad Media, A Coruña: Caixa Galicia, page 635:

     estauan en moytas cartas de scomoion et testemoyos et eran en grande descordia et anduan en odios et rancores

     they were in many excommunicaton charters and litigations and they were in large discord and hate and rancor

   • 1612, Pedro Vázquez de Neira, "Soneto", in Gómez Tónel, Exequias:

     aquel rancor que te carcome e laña

     that rancor that eats away and cracks through you

   Synonym: xenreira

References

• “rancura” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “rancor” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “rancor” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “rancor” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “rancor” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Latin

Etymology

ranceō (“I am rotten, putrid”) +‎ -or (“-ness”, abstract noun suffix)

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈran.kor/, [ˈräŋkɔr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈran.kor/, [ˈräŋkor]

Noun

rancor m (genitive rancōris); third declension (Late Latin)

1. rancidity, stench, rankness
2. grudge, rancor

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	rancor	rancōrēs
Genitive	rancōris	rancōrum
Dative	rancōrī	rancōribus
Accusative	rancōrem	rancōrēs
Ablative	rancōre	rancōribus
Vocative	rancor	rancōrēs

Descendants

• Portuguese: rancor
• Spanish: rencor
• Catalan: rancor
• Galician: rancor
• Occitan: rancur
• Old French: rancor, rancure
  • Dutch: rankeur
  • English: rancor, rancour
  • French: rancœur, rancune
• Italian: rancore

References

• “rancor”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• rancor in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• rancor in Ramminger, Johann (accessed 16 July 2016) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[1], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Middle English

Noun

rancor

1. Alternative form of rancour

Old French

Alternative forms

• rancour
• rancueur

Noun

rancor f (oblique plural rancors, nominative singular rancor, nominative plural rancors)

1. ill-will; negative opinion or intention

Descendants

• English: rancor, rancour
• French: rancœur

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rancōrem (“rancor; putridity”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁɐ̃ˈkoʁ/ [hɐ̃ˈkoh]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁɐ̃ˈkoʁ/ [hɐ̃ˈkoh]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ʁɐ̃ˈkoɾ/ [hɐ̃ˈkoɾ]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ʁɐ̃ˈkoʁ/ [χɐ̃ˈkoχ]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ʁɐ̃ˈkoɻ/ [hɐ̃ˈkoɻ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ʁɐ̃ˈkoɾ/

• Hyphenation: ran‧cor

Noun

rancor m (plural rancores)

1. (usually uncountable) rancor; grudge (deep seated animosity)

   Synonyms: odiosidade, ressentimento

   Ainda guardamos rancor pelo que fizeram conosco.

   We still hold a grudge for what you did to us.

Related terms

• rancorejar
• rancorosamente
• rancoroso