View source for stew

{{also|Stew}}
==English==

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|en|/stʃʉː/|a=AusE}}
* {{IPA|en|/stjuː/|/stʃuː/|a=UK}}
* {{enPR|sto͞o|a=US}}, {{IPA|en|/stu/}}
* {{audio|en|En-au-stew.ogg|a=AU}}
* {{rhymes|en|uː|s=1}}
* {{hyphenation|en|stew}}

===Etymology 1===
From {{inh|en|enm|stewe}}, {{m|enm|stue}}, from {{der|en|xno|estouve}}, {{der|en|fro|estuve|t=bath, bathhouse}} (modern {{cog|fr|étuve}}), from {{der|en|ML.|stupha}}, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from {{der|en|VL.|*extufāre}}, from {{m|la|ex-}} + {{der|en|grc|τῦφος||smoke, steam}}, from {{l|grc|τύφω||to smoke}}. See also Italian {{m|it|stufare}}, Portuguese {{m|pt|estufar}}. Compare also {{cog|ang|stufbæþ|stuf-bæþ|t=a hot-air bath, vapour bath}}; see {{m|en|stove}}.

====Noun====
{{en-noun|-|s}}

# {{lb|en|obsolete}} A cooking-dish used for boiling; a [[cauldron]]. {{defdate|14th|17th c.}}
# {{lb|en|now|_|historical}} A [[heated]] bath-room or steam-room; also, a hot [[bath]]. {{defdate|from 14th c.}}
#* {{RQ:Mlry MrtDrthr|13.1|2|XI|primum|passage=And when he came to the chamber there as this lady was the dores of yron vnlocked and vnbolted / And so syr launcelot wente in to the chambre that was as hote as ony '''stewe''' / And there syr launcelot toke the fayrest lady by the hand / that euer he sawe / and she was naked as a nedel<br>''And when he came to the chamber thereas this lady was, the doors of iron unlocked and unbolted. And so Sir Launcelot went into the chamber that was as hot as any '''stew'''. And there Sir Launcelot took the fairest lady by the hand that ever he saw, and she was naked as a needle''}}
<!--Prior quote:Sir Launcelot wente into the chambir, that was as hote as ony '''styew'''.-->
# {{lb|en|archaic}} A [[brothel]]. {{defdate|from 14th c.}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1643|author=w:John Milton|title=Doctrine and Discipline of Divorce
|passage=[...] and the agrieved person shall doe more manly, to be extraordinary and singular in claiming the due right whereof he is frustrated, then to piece up his lost contentment by visiting the '''Stews''', or stepping to his neighbours bed, which is the common shift in this mis-fortune, or els by suffering his usefull life to wast away and be lost under a secret affliction of an unconscionable size to humane strength.}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1681|author=w:John Dryden|title=w:Absalom and Achitophel
|passage=And rak'd, for converts, even the court and '''stews'''.}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1835|author=w:Thomas Babington Macaulay|title=Sir James Mackintosh
|passage=Because he was chaste, the precinct of his temple is filled with licensed '''stews'''.}}
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1977|author=Gãmini Salgãdo|title=The Elizabethan Underworld|page=37|publisher=Folio Society|year_published=2006
|passage=Although whores were permitted to sit at the door of the '''stew''', they could not solicit in any way nor ‘chide or throw stones’ at passers-by.}}
# {{lb|en|obsolete}} A [[prostitute]].
#* {{quote-text|en|year=1650|author=w:Anthony Weldon|title=The Court and Character of King James I
|passage=But it was so plotted betwixt the Lady, her Husband, and Bristol, that instead of that beauty, he had a notorious '''Stew''' sent him, and surely his carriage there was so lascivious...}}
# {{lb|en|uncountable|countable}} A [[dish]] cooked by [[stewing]]. {{defdate|from 18th c.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1870|author=Charles Dickens|title=The Mystery of Edwin Drood|publisher=Wordsworth Classics|year_published=1998|page=367
|passage=I noticed then that there was nothing to drink on the table but brandy, and nothing to eat but salted herrings, and a hot, sickly, highly peppered '''stew'''.}}
# {{lb|en|Sussex}} A [[pool]] in which [[fish]] are kept in preparation for eating.
#: {{syn|en|stewpond}}
#* {{quote-book|en|author=[[w:T. H. White|T[erence] H[anbury] White]]|chapter=V|title=w:The Once and Future King|location=New York, N.Y.|publisher=w:G. P. Putnam's Sons|year=1958|section=book I (''The Sword in the Stone'')|isbn=978-0-399-10597-5|passage=It was used as a '''stew''', so that the inhabitants of the castle could have fish on Fridays, and for this reason the architects had been careful not to let the drains and sewers run into it. It was stocked with fish every year.}}
# {{lb|en|US|regional}} An [[artificial]] [[bed]] of [[oyster]]s.
# {{lb|en|slang}} A state of agitated [[excitement]], [[worry]], and/or [[confusion]].
#: {{ux|en|to be in a '''stew'''}}

=====Synonyms=====
* {{qualifier|food}} [[casserole]], {{lb|en|British}} [[hotpot]]

=====Coordinate terms=====
* {{l|en|casserole}}
* {{l|en|cassoulet}}
* {{l|en|goulash}}
* {{l|en|ragout}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{col-auto|en|beef stew|cowboy stew|Irish stew|in a stew|[[sonofabitch stew]] / [[son-of-a-gun stew]]| brown stew|brown stew chicken|Brunswick stew|Devonshire stew|Exeter stew|Frogmore stew|horse and rabbit stew|Lowcountry stew|mike stew|mulligan stew|rascal stew|red-red stew|shearer's stew|SOB stew|son of a bitch stew|son-of-a-bitch stew|too many cooks spoil the stew|stewpot|cream stew|graveyard stew|hobo stew|stew pond}}

=====Descendants=====
* {{desc|ja|bor=1|-}} {{ja-r|シチュー}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|dish}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|gjellë|f}}
* Arabic: {{t|ar|يَخْنَة|f}}
*: Hijazi Arabic: {{t|acw|يَخْني|m|tr=yaḵni}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|яхния}}, {{t+|bg|задушено|n}}
* Catalan: {{t+|ca|guisat|m}}, {{t+|ca|estofat|m}}
* Cherokee: {{t|chr|ᎫᏅᎯ}}
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{t|cmn|燉菜|tr=dùncài}}
* Classical Nahuatl: {{t|nci|āyōtl}}, {{t|nci|mōlli}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|stoofpot|m}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|stufaĵo}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|laatikko}}, {{t+|fi|muhennos}}, {{t+|fi|pata}}
* French: {{t+|fr|ragoût|m}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|guiso|m}}, {{t+|gl|caldeirada|f}}, {{t+|gl|cocido|m}}
* Georgian: {{t|ka|ჩაშუშული}}
* German: {{t+|de|Eintopf|m}}, {{t+|de|Brei|m}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|στιφάδο|n}}, {{t+|el|βραστό|n}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|főzelék}}
* Ido: {{t|io|stufajo}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|stobhach|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|stufato|m}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|シチュー|tr=shichū}}
* Kamba: {{t|kam|supu}}
* Kikuyu: {{t|ki|thufu}}
* Korean: {{t|ko|스튜}}, {{t+|ko|찌개}}
* Kurdish:
*: Central Kurdish: {{t|ckb|شلە}}
* Latin: {{t|la|copadium|n}}
* Lithuanian: {{t|lt|troškinys}}
* Luhya: {{t|luy|kumunyu}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|манџа|f}}, {{t|mk|вариво|n}}, {{t+|mk|чорба|f}}
* Malay: {{t|ms|rendidih}}, {{t|ms|stu}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tiu}}
* Meru: {{t|mer|supu}}
* Navajo: {{t|nv|atooʼ}}
* Norman: {{t|nrf|êtuivée|f}}, {{t|nrf|fricot|m}}, {{t|nrf|hachie|f}}, {{t|nrf|ragoût|m}}
* Norwegian:
*: Bokmål: {{t|nb|stuing|m|f}}
*: Nynorsk: {{t|nn|stuing|f}}
* Ottoman Turkish: {{t|ota|یخنی|tr=yahni}}
* Persian: {{t+|fa|خورش|tr=xoreš}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|gulasz|m}}, {{t+|pl|potrawka|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|cozido|m}}, {{t+|pt|ensopado|m}}, {{t+|pt|guisado|m}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|[[тушёный|тушёное]] [[мя́со]]|n}}, {{t+|ru|рагу́|n}}, {{t+|ru|жарко́е|n}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|stiubh|m}}, {{t|gd|stiubha|f}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|varivo|n}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|enolončnica|f}}, {{t|sl|obara|f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|guisado|m}}, {{t+|es|cocido|m}}, {{t+|es|estofado|m}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|stuvning|c}}, {{t+|sv|gryta|c}}
* Talysh:
*: Asalemi: {{t|tly|آشماش|tr=âšmâš|sc=fa-Arab}}, {{t|tly|آش|tr=âš}}, {{t|tly|خواروش|tr=xâruš}}, {{t|tly|خاروش|tr=xâruš|sc=fa-Arab}}
* Turkish: {{t-needed|tr}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|excitement}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|вълнение|n}}
* German: {{t+|de|Aufregung|f}}, {{t+|de|Horror|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

=====See also=====
* {{pedia|stew pond}}
* {{pedia|List of stews}}

===Etymology 2===
From {{inh|en|enm|stewen}}, {{m|enm|stuwen}}, from the noun above; and also from {{inh|en|enm|stiven}}, {{m|enm|styven|t=to bathe, cook, stew}}.

====Verb====
{{en-verb}}

# {{lb|en|transitive|or|intransitive|or|ergative}} To [[cook]] (food) by slowly [[boil]]ing or [[simmer]]ing.
#: {{ux|en|I'm going to '''stew''' some meat for the casserole.}}
#: {{ux|en|The meat is '''stewing''' nicely.}}
# {{lb|en|transitive}} To [[brew]] (tea) for too long, so that the flavour becomes too strong.
# {{lb|en|intransitive|figuratively}} To [[suffer]] under [[uncomfortably]] [[hot]] [[condition]]s.
# {{lb|en|intransitive|figuratively}} To be in a state of [[elevated]] [[anxiety]] or [[anger]].

=====Synonyms=====
* {{sense|suffer under hot conditions}} {{l|en|bake}}, {{l|en|boil}}, {{l|en|sweat}}, {{l|en|swelter}}
* {{sense|be in a state of elevated anxiety}} {{l|en|brood}}, {{l|en|fret}}, {{l|en|sweat}}, {{l|en|worry}}

=====Derived terms=====
{{col-auto|en|stew in one's juices|stew in one's own broth|stew in one's own gravy|stew in one's own grease|stew in one's own juice|stew in one's own juices|stew up}}

=====Translations=====
{{trans-top|to cook (food)}}
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|задушавам}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|stoven}}, {{t+|nl|smoren}}
* Esperanto: {{t|eo|stufi}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|hauduttaa}}
* French: {{t+|fr|mijoter}}
* Galician: {{t|gl|guisar}}, {{t+|gl|cocer}}
* German: {{t+|de|schmoren}}, {{t+|de|dünsten}}, {{t+|de|dämpfen}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|σιγοβράζω}}, {{t+|el|γιαχνίζω}}
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|párol}}, {{t+|hu|dinsztel}}
* Ido: {{t+|io|stufar}}
* Irish: {{t|ga|stobh}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|stufare}}, {{t+|it|lessare}}
* Japanese: {{t-needed|ja}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|динста}}, {{t|mk|вари}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|tiu}}
* Norman: {{t|nrf|êtuiver}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|dusić|impf}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|guisar}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|găti}}, {{t|ro|găti la capac}}, {{t+|ro|înăbuși}} {{qualifier|regionalism}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|туши́ть|impf}}, {{t+|ru|потуши́ть|impf}}
* Scottish Gaelic: {{t|gd|stiubh}}, {{t|gd|stiubhaig}}
* Serbo-Croatian: {{t+|sh|dinstati}}, {{t|sh|динстати}}
* Slovene: {{t|sl|dušiti}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|stuva}}
* Tày: {{t|tyz|ấu}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|hầm}}, {{t+|vi|ninh}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to brew (tea)}}
* Bulgarian: {{t|bg|запарвам}}
* Dutch: {{t|nl|thee zetten}}
* Finnish: {{t|fi|[[hauduttaa]] [[liikaa]]}}
* French: {{t|fr|faire du thé}}
* German: {{t+|de|aufbrühen}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|kuhati}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to suffer under hot conditions}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|zweten}}, {{t+|nl|stikken}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|paistua}}
* French: {{t+|fr|transpirer}}, {{t+|fr|étouffer}}
* German: {{t+|de|schwitzen}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ψήνομαι}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|boccheggiare}}, {{t+|it|soffocare}}, {{t+|it|cuocere}}, {{t+|it|bollire}}, {{t+|it|lessare}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|се вари}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|assar}}
* Swedish: {{t|sv|koka bort}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|to be in a state of elevated anxiety}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|sidderen}}, {{t+|nl|beven}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|kiehua}}
* French: {{t+|fr|frémir}}, {{t+|fr|trembler}}, {{t+|fr|frissonner}}
* German: {{t+|de|schäumen}}, {{t+|de|aufregen}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|βράζω}}
* Italian: {{t|it|stare sui carboni ardenti}}, {{t+|it|preoccuparsi}}, {{t+|it|ribollire}}
* Macedonian: {{t|mk|врие}}
* Maori: {{t|mi|āwangawanga}}, {{t|mi|māharahara}}, {{t|mi|mānatunatu}}, {{t|mi|mānukanuka}}, {{t|mi|pōnānā}}, {{t|mi|mānakanaka}}, {{t|mi|tuatea}}, {{t|mi|koromāungaunga}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Etymology 3===
{{clipping|en|steward}} or {{m|en|stewardess}}.

====Noun====
{{en-noun}}

# {{lb|en|informal}} A [[steward]] or [[stewardess]] on an [[airplane]] or [[boat]].
#* {{quote-book|en|author=Trudy Baker; Rachel Jones; {{w|Donald Bain (writer)|Donald Bain}} (uncredited)|title={{w|Coffee, Tea or Me?|Coffee, Tea, or Me?: The Uninhibited Memoirs of Two Airline Stewardesses}}|year=1967|publisher=Bantam Books|location=New York|page=243|pageurl=https://archive.org/details/coffeeteaormeuni00bake/page/243/mode/1up|passage=It is our considered and combined judgement that Germans and actors share honors for being the cheapest dates a '''stew''' can accept.}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|date=November 3, 1975|author=[[w:Mordecai Richler|Mordecai Richler]]|title=The Perils of Maureen|work=[[w:New York (magazine)|New York]]|volume=8|number=44|page=8|pageurl=http://google.com/books?id=OekCAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA8&dq=stew|passage=And then, working as a '''stew''' for American Airlines, Mo met another older man{{...}}.}}
#* {{quote-book|en|year=1991|author=w:Tom Clancy|title=w:The Sum of All Fears|year_published=1992|isbn=0425184226|page=480|url=http://google.com/books?id=kP84eUjxv-MC&pg=PA480&dq=stew
|passage="{{...}}We want to know what he's going to be saying on his airplane."<br>"I don't have the legs to dress up as a '''stew''', doc. Besides, I never learned to do the tea ceremony, either."}}
#* {{quote-journal|en|year=1992|month=January|author=Skip Hollandsworth|title=Doing the Hustle|work=[[w:Texas Monthly|Texas Monthly]]|ISSN=0148-7736|volume=20|issue=1|page=52|pageurl=http://google.com/books?id=dysEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA52&dq=stew|passage=Dallas was also becoming known as a "'''stew''' zoo" because so many flight attendants were relocating there to work for Southwest, Braniff, and American Airlines.}}

===Anagrams===
* {{anagrams|en|a=estw|ESWT|Tews|West|ewts|tews|west|wets}}

{{C|en|Cooking|Foods|Tea}}