sulcus

English

Lateral sulcus (fissure on the surface of the brain)

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sulcus. Doublet of sullow.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsʌl.kəs/

Noun

sulcus (plural sulci)

1. (anatomy) A furrow or groove in an organ or a tissue.
2. (anatomy) Any of the grooves that mark the convolutions of the surface of the brain.
   • 1999, Thomas C. Pritchard, Kevin D. Alloway, Medical Neuroscience, page 55,

     The largest sulcus, the longitudinal fissure, divides the brain into left and right hemispheres.

   • 2006, Inderbir Singh, Textbook of Human Neuroanatomy, 7th Edition, page 72,

     Unlike most other sulci, the lateral sulcus is very deep.

   • 2014, John Kiernan, Raj Rajakumar, Barr's The Human Nervous System: An Anatomical Viewpoint, 10th Edition, page 213,

     The large surface area of the human cerebral cortex results in a pattern of gyri and sulci.

   Synonym: fissure

3. (planetology) A region of subparallel grooves or ditches formed by a geological process.

Coordinate terms

• gyrus

Derived terms

• calcaneal sulcus
• central sulcus
• cingulate sulcus
• coronal sulcus
• interlabial sulcus
• intermammary sulcus
• lacrimal sulcus (sulcus lacrimalis)
• lateral sulcus
• malleolar sulcus
• postcentral sulcus
• preauricular sulcus
• precentral sulcus
• radial sulcus (musculospiral groove)
• sagittal sulcus
• sigmoid sulcus
• sulcal
• sulcus ansatus
• sulcus arteriæ vertebralis
• sulcus tubae auditivae
• tympanic sulcus

 

Translations

anatomy: furrow or groove in an organ or a tissue

• Finnish: uurre (fi)

• Hungarian: barázda (hu)

anatomy: groove on the surface of the brain

• Arabic: ثَلْم‎ m (ṯalm)
• Finnish: aivouurre
• Hungarian: barázda (hu), agybarázda (hu)

• Portuguese: sulco (pt) m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: бра́зда f

  Roman: brázda (sh) f

• Spanish: surco (es) m

planetology: region of subparallel grooves or ditches

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *solk-o- (“furrow”), *selk- (“to pull, drag”), whence also Old English sulh. Doublet of holcus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsul.kus/, [ˈsʊɫ̪.kʊs]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsul.kus/

Noun

sulcus m (genitive sulcī); second declension

1. furrow
2. ploughing

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	sulcus	sulcī
Genitive	sulcī	sulcōrum
Dative	sulcō	sulcīs
Accusative	sulcum	sulcōs
Ablative	sulcō	sulcīs
Vocative	sulce	sulcī

Descendants

• Catalan: solc
• → English: sulcus
• Friulian: solç
• Galician: suco
• Italian: solco
• Neapolitan: surco
• Portuguese: suco
• → Portuguese: sulco
• Romanian: sulc
• Sardinian: surcu
• Sicilian: surcu
• Spanish: sulco, surco
• Venetian: solco, solç, solzh

References

• sulcus in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• sulcus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sulcus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• sulcus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill