syngja

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse syngva, syngja, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷʰ-.

Verb

syngja (third person singular past indicative sang, third person plural past indicative sungu, supine sungið)

1. to sing

Conjugation

Conjugation of syngja (irregular)
infinitive	syngja
supine	sungið
participle (a26)1	syngjandi	sungin
	present	past
first singular	syngi	sang
second singular	syngur	sang
third singular	syngur	sang
plural	syngja	sungu
	imperative
singular	syngj!
plural	syngjið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse syngva, syngja, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷʰ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsiɲca/
• Rhymes: -iɲca

Verb

syngja (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative söng, third-person plural past indicative sungu, supine sungið)

1. (intransitive or transitive, with accusative) to sing
2. (intransitive, of birds) to warble, to sing, to chirp
3. to sound, to ring, to resound

Conjugation

syngja — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að syngja
supine (sagnbót)		sungið
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		syngjandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég syng	við syngjum	present (nútíð)	ég syngi	við syngjum
	þú syngur	þið syngið		þú syngir	þið syngið
	hann, hún, það syngur	þeir, þær, þau syngja		hann, hún, það syngi	þeir, þær, þau syngi
past (þátíð)	ég söng	við sungum	past (þátíð)	ég syngi	við syngjum
	þú söngst	þið sunguð		þú syngir	þið syngjuð
	hann, hún, það söng	þeir, þær, þau sungu		hann, hún, það syngi	þeir, þær, þau syngju
imperative (boðháttur)	syng (þú)	syngið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	syngdu	syngiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

sunginn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	sunginn	sungin	sungið		sungnir	sungnar	sungin
accusative (þolfall)	sunginn	sungna	sungið		sungna	sungnar	sungin
dative (þágufall)	sungnum	sunginni	sungnu		sungnum	sungnum	sungnum
genitive (eignarfall)	sungins	sunginnar	sungins		sunginna	sunginna	sunginna
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	sungni	sungna	sungna		sungnu	sungnu	sungnu
accusative (þolfall)	sungna	sungnu	sungna		sungnu	sungnu	sungnu
dative (þágufall)	sungna	sungnu	sungna		sungnu	sungnu	sungnu
genitive (eignarfall)	sungna	sungnu	sungna		sungnu	sungnu	sungnu

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• syngje (e and split infinitives)
• synga, synge (without j infix)

Etymology

From Old Norse syngva, syngja, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷʰ-. Akin to English sing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²sʏɲ.ʝɑ/, /²sʏɲ.jɑ/

Verb

syngja (present tense syng, past tense song, past participle sunge, passive infinitive syngjast, present participle syngjande, imperative syng)

1. to sing

   Eg har ikkje sunge denne songen på årevis.

   I haven't sung this song for years.

   • 1883, Arne Garborg, Bondestudentar‎^[1], Bergen: Nygaard, page 1:

     Song ikkje kvar Fugl si Morgonsalma til Guds Æra?

     Didn't each bird sing its morning hymn to God's glory?

2. echo, boom

Conjugation

Historical conjugation of syngja infinitive present tense past tense supine Aasen sg. syngja syng song sunget pl. syngja sungo 2012 syngja, syngje, synga, synge syng song sunge Forms in [brackets] were considered second-tier. Forms in (parentheses) were allowed under Midlandsnormalen.

References

• “syngja” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Norse

Alternative forms

• syngva

Etymology

From earlier syngva, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną.

Verb

syngja

1. to sing

Conjugation

Conjugation of syngja — active (strong class 3)

infinitive	syngja
present participle	syngjandi
past participle	sunginn
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	syng	sǫng
2nd-person singular	syngr	sǫngt
3rd-person singular	syngr	sǫng
1st-person plural	syngjum	sungum
2nd-person plural	syngið	sunguð
3rd-person plural	syngja	sungu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	syngja	synga
2nd-person singular	syngir	syngir
3rd-person singular	syngi	syngi
1st-person plural	syngim	syngim
2nd-person plural	syngið	syngið
3rd-person plural	syngi	syngi
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	syng
1st-person plural	syngjum
2nd-person plural	syngið

Conjugation of syngja — mediopassive (strong class 3)

infinitive	syngjask
present participle	syngjandisk
past participle	sungizk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	syngjumk	sungumk
2nd-person singular	syngsk	sǫngzk
3rd-person singular	syngsk	sǫngsk
1st-person plural	syngjumsk	sungumsk
2nd-person plural	syngizk	sunguzk
3rd-person plural	syngjask	sungusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	syngjumk	syngumk
2nd-person singular	syngisk	syngisk
3rd-person singular	syngisk	syngisk
1st-person plural	syngimsk	syngimsk
2nd-person plural	syngizk	syngizk
3rd-person plural	syngisk	syngisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	syngsk
1st-person plural	syngjumsk
2nd-person plural	syngizk

Related terms

• sǫngr m (“song”)

Descendants

• Icelandic: syngja
• Faroese: syngja
• Norwegian Nynorsk: syngja
• Jamtish: sjunge
• Elfdalian: singga
• Old Swedish: siunga
  • Swedish: sjunga
• Danish: synge
  • Norwegian Bokmål: synge

References

• “syngja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press