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vārds

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: värds and vårds

Latvian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Baltic *wardas, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wardas, a masculine parallel form to neuter *wardan, from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰh₁om (word), from the stem *werh₁- (to speak, say, talk) with an extra element -dʰo.

Note the typical Baltic polysemy between “name” and “word”, since the Proto-Indo-European term for “name”, still conserved in Old Prussian emnes, emmens (< Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥), was lost and replaced by *werdʰo-.

Cognates include Lithuanian var̃das, Old Prussian wīrds, wirds, Sudovian ward, Russian врать (vratʹ, to lie), Belarusian вярзці́ (vjarzcí, to lie), Ukrainian верзти́ (verztý, to lie), Proto-Germanic *wurdą (Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌳 (waurd), German Wort, English word, Icelandic orð), Hittite ḫurt- (to load, to charge) (: weriya- “to say”), Sanskrit व्रत (vrata, vow, command), Ancient Greek εἴρω (eírō, to say) (< *weryō), Latin verbum.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [vàːɾds]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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vārds m (1st declension)

  1. name
  2. word

Declension

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Declension of vārds (1st)
singular
(vienskaitlis)
plural
(daudzskaitlis)
nominative vārds vārdi
genitive vārda vārdu
dative vārdam vārdiem
accusative vārdu vārdus
instrumental vārdu vārdiem
locative vārdā vārdos
vocative vārd vārdi

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “vārds”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary]‎[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN