व्रत
Appearance
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit व्रत (vratá).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Hindi) IPA(key): /ʋɾət̪/, [ʋɾɐt̪]
Noun
[edit]व्रत • (vrat) m
- fast
- Synonym: उपवास (upvās)
- व्रत रखना ― vrat rakhnā ― to fast
- vow
- व्रत लेना ― vrat lenā ― to take a vow
- व्रत करना ― vrat karnā ― to make a vow
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | व्रत vrat |
व्रत vrat |
| oblique | व्रत vrat |
व्रतों vratõ |
| vocative | व्रत vrat |
व्रतो vrato |
Marathi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit व्रत (vrata).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]व्रत • (vrat) m
Declension
[edit]| Declension of व्रत (masc cons-stem) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
व्रत vrat | ||
| direct plural |
व्रत vrat | ||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन | ||
| nominative प्रथमा |
व्रत vrat |
व्रत vrat | |
| oblique सामान्यरूप |
व्रता vratā |
व्रतां- vratān- | |
| acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी |
व्रताला vratālā |
व्रतांना vratānnā | |
| ergative | व्रताने, व्रतानं vratāne, vratāna |
व्रतांनी vratānnī | |
| instrumental | व्रताशी vratāśī |
व्रतांशी vratānśī | |
| locative सप्तमी |
व्रतात vratāt |
व्रतांत vratāt | |
| vocative संबोधन |
व्रता vratā |
व्रतांनो vratānno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of व्रत (masc cons-stem) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म |
feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म |
neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म |
oblique सामान्यरूप | |||||
| singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
singular* एकवचन |
plural अनेकवचन |
|||
| singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता |
व्रताचा vratāċā |
व्रताचे vratāċe |
व्रताची vratācī |
व्रताच्या vratācā |
व्रताचे, व्रताचं vratāċe, vratāċa |
व्रताची vratācī |
व्रताच्या vratācā | |
| plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता |
व्रतांचा vratānċā |
व्रतांचे vratānċe |
व्रतांची vratāñcī |
व्रतांच्या vratāncā |
व्रतांचे, व्रतांचं vratānċe, vratānċa |
व्रतांची vratāñcī |
व्रतांच्या vratāñcā | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Nepali
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Sanskrit व्रत (vratá)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]व्रत • (wrat)
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]Alternative scripts
- ৱ্ৰত (Assamese script)
- ᬯ᭄ᬭᬢ (Balinese script)
- ব্রত (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰿𑰨𑰝 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑁆𑀭𑀢 (Brahmi script)
- ဝြတ (Burmese script)
- વ્રત (Gujarati script)
- ਵ੍ਰਤ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑍍𑌰𑌤 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦿꦠ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂹𑂩𑂞 (Kaithi script)
- ವ್ರತ (Kannada script)
- វ្រត (Khmer script)
- ວ຺ຣຕ (Lao script)
- വ്രത (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡵᠠᢠᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘿𑘨𑘝 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠷᠠᢐᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧠𑧈𑦽 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑑂𑐬𑐟 (Newa script)
- ଵ୍ରତ (Odia script)
- ꢮ꣄ꢬꢡ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑇀𑆫𑆠 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖿𑖨𑖝 (Siddham script)
- ව්රත (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾 𑪙𑩼𑩫 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚶𑚤𑚙 (Takri script)
- வ்ரத (Tamil script)
- వ్రత (Telugu script)
- วฺรต (Thai script)
- ཝྲ་ཏ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑓂𑒩𑒞 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑩇𑨫𑨙 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wratám, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wratám, from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- (“to speak, say”), possibly also conflated with *welh₁- (“to choose, want, will”) (cf. वर (vará, “choice; chooser”)). Cognate with Old Avestan 𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬀 (uruuata, “rule, order, indication”), Old English word (whence English word).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]व्र॒त • (vratá) stem, n
- will
- command
- law
- ordinance
- rule
- obedience
- service
- dominion, realm
- sphere of action, function, mode or manner of life
- conduct
- manner, usage, custom
- a religious vow or practice
- any pious observance
- meritorious act of devotion or austerity
- solemn vow
- rule
- holy practice
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | व्र॒तम् (vratám) | व्र॒ते (vraté) | व्र॒तानि॑ (vratā́ni) व्र॒ता¹ (vratā́¹) |
| accusative | व्र॒तम् (vratám) | व्र॒ते (vraté) | व्र॒तानि॑ (vratā́ni) व्र॒ता¹ (vratā́¹) |
| instrumental | व्र॒तेन॑ (vraténa) | व्र॒ताभ्या॑म् (vratā́bhyām) | व्र॒तैः (vratáiḥ) व्र॒तेभिः॑¹ (vratébhiḥ¹) |
| dative | व्र॒ताय॑ (vratā́ya) | व्र॒ताभ्या॑म् (vratā́bhyām) | व्र॒तेभ्यः॑ (vratébhyaḥ) |
| ablative | व्र॒तात् (vratā́t) | व्र॒ताभ्या॑म् (vratā́bhyām) | व्र॒तेभ्यः॑ (vratébhyaḥ) |
| genitive | व्र॒तस्य॑ (vratásya) | व्र॒तयोः॑ (vratáyoḥ) | व्र॒ताना॑म् (vratā́nām) |
| locative | व्र॒ते (vraté) | व्र॒तयोः॑ (vratáyoḥ) | व्र॒तेषु॑ (vratéṣu) |
| vocative | व्रत॑ (vráta) | व्रते॑ (vráte) | व्रता॑नि (vrátāni) व्रता॑¹ (vrátā¹) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
[edit]- → English: vrata (learned)
- → Hindi: व्रत (vrat)
- → Indonesian: brata
- → Marathi: व्रत (vrat)
- → Nepali: व्रत (brata)
- → Tamil: விரதம் (viratam)
- → Tocharian B: wrat
Further reading
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899), “व्रत”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1042.
Categories:
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi terms with usage examples
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi masculine nouns
- Marathi nouns with declension
- Marathi nouns with phonetic respelling
- Marathi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- Nepali terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Nepali lemmas
- Nepali nouns
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werh₁-
- Sanskrit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *welh₁-
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit neuter nouns
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns