永久凍土

Chinese

		permanent; long-lasting; eternal	frozen soil; gelisol
trad. (永久凍土)		永久	凍土
simp. (永久冻土)		永久	冻土

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǒngjiǔ dòngtǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄩㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wing⁵ gau² dung³ tou²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yǒngjiǔ dòngtǔ [Phonetic: yóngjiǔdòngtǔ]
    • Zhuyin: ㄩㄥˇ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄊㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǒngjiǒu dòngtǔ
    • Wade–Giles: yung³-chiu³ tung⁴-tʻu³
    • Yale: yǔng-jyǒu dùng-tǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeongjeou donqtuu
    • Palladius: юнцзю дунту (junczju duntu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵¹ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wing⁵ gau² dung³ tou²
    • Yale: wíhng gáu dung tóu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wing⁵ gau² dung³ tou²
    • Guangdong Romanization: wing⁵ geo² dung³ tou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɪŋ¹³ kɐu̯³⁵ tʊŋ³³ tʰou̯³⁵/

Noun

永久凍土

1. permafrost

Japanese

Kanji in this term
永	久	凍	土
えい Grade: 5	きゅう Grade: 5	とう Grade: S	ど Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) えーきゅうと​ーど [èékyúútóꜜòdò] (Nakadaka – [5])
• IPA^(key): [e̞ːkʲɨᵝːto̞ːdo̞]

Noun

永(えい)久(きゅう)凍(とう)土(ど) • (eikyūtōdo) 

1. permafrost