قوم

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See also: ق و م

Arabic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Root
ق و م (q-w-m)

Compare قَامَ (qāma, “to rise”).

Verb[edit]

قَوَّمَ • (qawwama) II, non-past يُقَوِّمُ‎ (yuqawwimu)

  1. (transitive) to raise
  2. (transitive) to evaluate
  3. (transitive) to adjust
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
قَوَّمَ
(form-II sound)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
taqwīm
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
muqawwim
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
muqawwam
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
qawwamtu
qawwamta
قَوَّمَ

qawwama
qawwamtumā
qawwamā
qawwamnā
qawwamtum
qawwamū
f
qawwamti
qawwamat
qawwamatā
qawwamtunna
qawwamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔuqawwimu
tuqawwimu
yuqawwimu
tuqawwimāni
yuqawwimāni
nuqawwimu
tuqawwimūna
yuqawwimūna
f
tuqawwimīna
tuqawwimu
tuqawwimāni
tuqawwimna
yuqawwimna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔuqawwima
tuqawwima
yuqawwima
tuqawwimā
yuqawwimā
nuqawwima
tuqawwimū
yuqawwimū
f
tuqawwimī
tuqawwima
tuqawwimā
tuqawwimna
yuqawwimna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔuqawwim
tuqawwim
yuqawwim
tuqawwimā
yuqawwimā
nuqawwim
tuqawwimū
yuqawwimū
f
tuqawwimī
tuqawwim
tuqawwimā
tuqawwimna
yuqawwimna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
قَوِّمْ

qawwim
qawwimā
qawwimū
f
qawwimī
qawwimna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
quwwimtu
quwwimta
قُوِّمَ

quwwima
quwwimtumā
quwwimā
quwwimnā
quwwimtum
quwwimū
f
quwwimti
quwwimat
quwwimatā
quwwimtunna
quwwimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔuqawwamu
tuqawwamu
yuqawwamu
tuqawwamāni
yuqawwamāni
nuqawwamu
tuqawwamūna
yuqawwamūna
f
tuqawwamīna
tuqawwamu
tuqawwamāni
tuqawwamna
yuqawwamna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔuqawwama
tuqawwama
yuqawwama
tuqawwamā
yuqawwamā
nuqawwama
tuqawwamū
yuqawwamū
f
tuqawwamī
tuqawwama
tuqawwamā
tuqawwamna
yuqawwamna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔuqawwam
tuqawwam
yuqawwam
tuqawwamā
yuqawwamā
nuqawwam
tuqawwamū
yuqawwamū
f
tuqawwamī
tuqawwam
tuqawwamā
tuqawwamna
yuqawwamna
References[edit]
  • Mace, John (2007) “قوم”, in Arabic Verbs, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

قَوْم • (qawm) m

  1. verbal noun of قَامَ (qāma, “to get up”) (form I)
  2. standing up, rising, placing upright, remaining, abiding
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun قَوْم (qawm)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَوْم
qawm 		الْقَوْم
al-qawm 		قَوْم
qawm
Nominative قَوْمٌ
qawmun 		الْقَوْمُ
al-qawmu 		قَوْمُ
qawmu
Accusative قَوْمًا
qawman 		الْقَوْمَ
al-qawma 		قَوْمَ
qawma
Genitive قَوْمٍ
qawmin 		الْقَوْمِ
al-qawmi 		قَوْمِ
qawmi
References[edit]

Noun[edit]

قَوْم • (qawm) m (plural أَقْوَام (ʔaqwām))

  1. people, nation, tribe
  2. some people, someone, a certain
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 28:21:
      فَخَرَجَ مِنْهَا خَائِفًا يَتَرَقَّبُ قَالَ رَبِّ نَجِّنِي مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ
      faḵaraja minhā ḵāʔifan yataraqqabu qāla rabbi najjinī mina l-qawmi ẓ-ẓālimīna
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  3. (group of) men
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 49:11:
      يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا يَسْخَرْ قَوْمٌ مِّن قَوْمٍ عَسَىٰ أَن يَكُونُوا خَيْرًا مِّنْهُمْ وَلَا نِسَاءٌ مِّن نِّسَاءٍ عَسَىٰ أَن يَكُنَّ خَيْرًا مِّنْهُنَّ
      yā ʔayyuhā allaḏīna ʔāmanū lā yasḵar qawmun mmin qawmin ʕasā ʔan yakūnū ḵayran mminhum walā nisāʔun mmin nnisāʔin ʕasā ʔan yakunna ḵayran mminhunna
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  4. family
  5. sect
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun قَوْم (qawm)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَوْم
qawm 		الْقَوْم
al-qawm 		قَوْم
qawm
Nominative قَوْمٌ
qawmun 		الْقَوْمُ
al-qawmu 		قَوْمُ
qawmu
Accusative قَوْمًا
qawman 		الْقَوْمَ
al-qawma 		قَوْمَ
qawma
Genitive قَوْمٍ
qawmin 		الْقَوْمِ
al-qawmi 		قَوْمِ
qawmi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal قَوْمَيْن
qawmayn 		الْقَوْمَيْن
al-qawmayn 		قَوْمَيْ
qawmay
Nominative قَوْمَانِ
qawmāni 		الْقَوْمَانِ
al-qawmāni 		قَوْمَا
qawmā
Accusative قَوْمَيْنِ
qawmayni 		الْقَوْمَيْنِ
al-qawmayni 		قَوْمَيْ
qawmay
Genitive قَوْمَيْنِ
qawmayni 		الْقَوْمَيْنِ
al-qawmayni 		قَوْمَيْ
qawmay
Plural basic broken plural triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَقْوَام
ʔaqwām 		الْأَقْوَام
al-ʔaqwām 		أَقْوَام
ʔaqwām
Nominative أَقْوَامٌ
ʔaqwāmun 		الْأَقْوَامُ
al-ʔaqwāmu 		أَقْوَامُ
ʔaqwāmu
Accusative أَقْوَامًا
ʔaqwāman 		الْأَقْوَامَ
al-ʔaqwāma 		أَقْوَامَ
ʔaqwāma
Genitive أَقْوَامٍ
ʔaqwāmin 		الْأَقْوَامِ
al-ʔaqwāmi 		أَقْوَامِ
ʔaqwāmi
Descendants[edit]
  • → Azerbaijani: qövm, qohum
  • → Persian: قوم
  • → Ottoman Turkish: قوم
  • → Uyghur: قوۋم (qowm)
References[edit]

Adjective[edit]

قُوَّم • (quwwam)

  1. inflection of قَائِم (qāʔim):
    1. masculine plural
    2. feminine plural

Azerbaijani[edit]

Noun[edit]

قۇم (qum)

  1. Arabic spelling of qum (“sand”)

Declension[edit]

Declension of قوم
singular plural
nominative قوم قوملار
definite accusative قومۇ قوملارێ
dative قوما قوملارا
locative قومدا قوملاردا
ablative قومدان قوملاردان
definite genitive قومۇن قوملارێن

Hijazi Arabic[edit]

Root
ق و م
8 terms

Etymology 1[edit]

From Arabic قَوَّم (qawwam).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قوم • (gawwam) II (non-past يِقَوِّم (yimawwit), verbal noun تَقْويم (tagwīm))

  1. to awaken
    Synonym: صَحَّى (ṣaḥḥa)
  2. to rise up
  3. to erect
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of قوم (gawwam)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قومت (gawwamt) قومت (gawwamt) قوم (gawwam) قومنا (gawwamna) قومتوا (gawwamtu) قوموا (gawwamu)
f قومتي (gawwamti) قومت (gawwamat)
non-past m أقوم (ʔagawwim) تقوم (tigawwim) يقوم (yigawwim) نقوم (nigawwim) تقوموا (tigawwimu) يقوموا (yigawwimu)
f تقومي (tigawwimi) تقوم (tigawwim)
imperative m قوم (gawwim) قوموا (gawwimu)
f قومي (gawwimi)

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قوم • (gūm)

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of قام (gām)

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قوم • (gawwim)

  1. second-person masculine singular imperative of قَوِّم (gawwam)

Moroccan Arabic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Root
ق و م
2 terms

From Arabic قَوَّمَ (qawwama).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قوم • (qawwam) II (non-past يقوم (yqawwam))

  1. (transitive) to evaluate
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of قوم
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قوّمت (qawwamt) قوّمتي (qawwamti) قوّم (qawwam) قوّمنا (qawwamna) قوّمتوا (qawwamtu) قوّموا (qawwmu)
f قوّمت (qawwmāt)
non-past m نقوّم (nqawwam) تقوّم (tqawwam) يقوّم (yqawwam) نقوّموا (nqawwmu) تقوّموا (tqawwmu) يقوّموا (yqawwmu)
f تقوّمي (tqawwmi) تقوّم (tqawwam)
imperative m قوّم (qawwam) قوّموا (qawwmu)
f قوّمي (qawwmi)

Etymology 2[edit]

From Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

قَوْم or قُوم • (qawm or qūm) m (plural أقوام (ʔaqwām))

  1. people, nation

Ottoman Turkish[edit]

قوم

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kum (“sand”); cognate with Azerbaijani qum, Bashkir ҡом (qom), Kazakh құм (qūm), Kyrgyz кум (kum), Turkmen gum, Uyghur قۇم (qum) and Uzbek qum.

Noun[edit]

قوم • (kum)

  1. sand, finely ground rock which forms beaches and deserts
    Synonyms: رمل (reml), ریگ (rig)
  2. gravel, chisel, small fragments of rock
    Synonym: چاقل (çakıl)
  3. (medicine) kidney stones, a calculus in the kidney
  4. (figuratively) anything that is as numerous as grains of sand

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Persian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Readings
Classical reading? qawm
Dari reading? qawm
Iranian reading? ğowm
Tajik reading? qavm

Noun[edit]

Dari قوم
Iranian Persian
Tajik қавм

قُوْم • (qowm) (plural اقوام (aqvâm))

  1. people, nation, tribe
    • 1048-1131, Omar Khayyám, Rubáiyát
      قومی متفکرند اندر ره دین ― qowm-i motefakker-and andar rah-e din ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      قومی به گمان فتاده در راه یقین ― qowm-i be-gamân fetâde dar râh-e yaqin ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      می‌ترسم از آنکه بانگ آید روزی ― mi-tarsam az ân-ke bâng âyad ruzi ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      کای بی‌خبران راه نه آنست و نه این ― key bi-xabarân! râh na ân-ast o na in ― (please add an English translation of this quotation)
  2. ethnic group

Descendants[edit]

Punjabi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Noun[edit]

قَوم • (qaum) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਕੌਮ)

  1. nation, people

Synonyms[edit]

Urdu[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic قَوْم (qawm).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

قَوم • (qaum) f (formal plural اقوام, Hindi spelling क़ौम)

  1. nation, people
  2. community
  3. creed, race

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

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