逍遙

Chinese[edit]

	phonetic
trad. (逍遙)	逍	遙
simp. (逍遥)	逍	遥
alternative forms	逍搖／逍摇消遙／消遥消搖／消摇

Etymology[edit]

A reduplicative ideophonic word, originally meaning “to walk leisurely”. As a concept in Chinese philosophy, xiaoyao was featured prominently in the ancient text of Zhuangzi. Compare the similar reduplicative formations of:

招搖 (OC *tjew lew, “to walk freely > to act pretentiously”)
優游 (OC *qu lu, “at leisure”)
夭紹 (OC *qrow djewʔ), 要紹 (OC *qew djewʔ, “lithe; relaxed”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xiāoyáo

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠㄧㄠˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): siu¹ jiu⁴
Eastern Min (BUC): siĕu-ièu
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siau-iâu
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹shiau-yau

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: xiāoyáo
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠㄧㄠˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: siaoyáo
  - Wade–Giles: hsiao¹-yao²
  - Yale: syāu-yáu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiauyau
  - Palladius: сяояо (sjaojao)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: siu¹ jiu⁴
  - Yale: sīu yìuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: siu¹ jiu⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: xiu¹ yiu⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːu̯⁵⁵ jiːu̯²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: siĕu-ièu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sieu⁵⁵ ieu⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau-iâu
  - Tâi-lô: siau-iâu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: siau'iaau
  - IPA (Xiamen): /siau⁴⁴⁻²² iau²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³ iau²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau⁴⁴⁻²² iau¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /siau⁴⁴⁻³³ iau²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau⁴⁴⁻³³ iau²³/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹shiau-yau
  - MiniDict: shiau^平 yau
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xiau-hhiau
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiɔ⁵⁵ ɦiɔ²¹/

Middle Chinese: sjew yew

Rime
Character	逍	遙
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	相邀切	餘昭切
Baxter	sjew	yew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siᴇu/	/jiᴇu/
Pan Wuyun	/siɛu/	/jiɛu/
Shao Rongfen	/sjæu/	/jæu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/siaw/	/jiaw/
Li Rong	/siɛu/	/iɛu/
Wang Li	/sĭɛu/	/jĭɛu/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯ɛu/	/i̯ɛu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāo	yáo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	siu¹	jiu⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*sew lew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	逍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiāo
Middle Chinese	‹ sjew ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ew/
English	be at ease
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	逍	遙
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	13744	14705
Phonetic component	肖	謠
Rime group	宵	宵
Rime subdivision	2	3
Corresponding MC rime	宵	遙
Old Chinese	/*sew/	/*lew/

Verb[edit]

逍遙

(literary) to stroll relaxingly; to walk leisurely; to wander in a carefree manner; to saunter about
- 羔裘逍遙，狐裘以朝。豈不爾思，勞心忉忉。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  羔裘逍遥，狐裘以朝。岂不尔思，劳心忉忉。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Gāo qiú xiāoyáo, hú qiú yǐ cháo. Qǐ bù ěr sī, láoxīn dāodāo. [Pinyin]
  In your lamb's fur you saunter about;
  In your fox's fur you hold your court.
  How should I not think anxiously about you?
  My toiled heart is full of grief.
(literary) to pace back and forth; to dither
Synonyms: 走來走去／走来走去 (zǒuláizǒuqù), 躑躅／踯躅 (zhízhú), 踟躕／踟蹰 (chíchú), 徘徊, 盤桓／盘桓 (pánhuán), 彷徨 (pánghuáng), 盤旋／盘旋 (pánxuán)
(literary) to relish; to appreciate; to delight in

Adjective[edit]

逍遙

(often in Chinese philosophy) free and unfettered; carefree; untroubled
- 彷徨乎無為其側，逍遙乎寢臥其下？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  彷徨乎无为其侧，逍遥乎寝卧其下？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  Pánghuáng hū wú wéi qí cè, xiāoyáo hū qǐnwò qí xià? [Pinyin]
  […] There you might saunter idly by its side, or in the enjoyment of untroubled ease sleep beneath it.
- 以遊逍遙之虛，食於苟簡之田 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  以游逍遥之虚，食于苟简之田 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE
  yǐ yóu xiāoyáo zhī xū, shí yú gǒujiǎn zhī tián [Pinyin]
  Thus they rambled in the vacancy of Untroubled Ease, found their food in the fields of Indifference […]

Synonyms[edit]

享受 (xiǎngshòu)
停當／停当 (tíngdàng) (literary)
好受 (hǎoshòu)
安怡 (ānyí) (literary)
安逸 (ānyì)
安適／安适 (ānshì)
安閒／安闲 (ānxián)
寫意／写意 (xièyì) (dialectal)
得勁／得劲 (déjìn) (chiefly Zhongyuan Mandarin, Jilu Mandarin)
快活 (Hokkien)
恬逸 (tiányì) (literary)
敞快 (chǎngkuai)
是味 (shìwèi)
滋潤／滋润 (zīrùn) (colloquial)
爽快 (shuǎngkuài)
爽適／爽适 (sōng-sék) (Eastern Min)
自在 (zìzai)
舒坦
舒心 (shūxīn)
舒服
舒適／舒适 (shūshì)
適意／适意 (shìyì)

Derived terms[edit]

逍遙

Contents

Chinese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

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逍遙

Chinese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Navigation menu

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