instituir

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin īnstituere, with normal change of conjugation to -ir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ins.ti.tuˈi]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [ins.ti.tuˈiɾ]

Verb

instituir (first-person singular present institueixo, first-person singular preterite instituí, past participle instituït)

1. (transitive) to found, to institute, to establish

   Synonyms: fundar, establir

Conjugation

    Conjugation of instituir (third conjugation, with -eix-)

infinitive			instituir
gerund			instituint
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		instituït		instituïda
		plural		instituïts		instituïdes
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	institueixo	institueixes	institueix	instituïm	instituïu	institueixen
	imperfect	instituïa	instituïes	instituïa	instituíem	instituíeu	instituïen
	future	instituiré	instituiràs	instituirà	instituirem	instituireu	instituiran
	preterite	instituí	instituïres	instituí	instituírem	instituíreu	instituïren
	conditional	instituiria	instituiries	instituiria	instituiríem	instituiríeu	instituirien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	institueixi	institueixis	institueixi	instituïm	instituïu	institueixin
	imperfect	instituís	instituïssis	instituís	instituíssim	instituíssiu	instituïssin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	institueix	institueixi	instituïm	instituïu	institueixin
	negative (no)	—	no institueixis	no institueixi	no instituïm	no instituïu	no institueixin

Related terms

• institució

Further reading

• “instituir” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “instituir”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “instituir” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “instituir” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin īnstituere, with change of conjugation.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩs.t͡ʃi.tuˈi(ʁ)/ [ĩs.t͡ʃi.tʊˈi(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ĩs.t͡ʃiˈtwi(ʁ)/ [ĩs.t͡ʃiˈtwi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩs.t͡ʃi.tuˈi(ʁ)/ [ĩs.t͡ʃi.tʊˈi(h)], (faster pronunciation) /ĩs.t͡ʃiˈtwi(ʁ)/ [ĩs.t͡ʃiˈtwi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /ĩs.t͡ʃi.tuˈi(ɾ)/ [ĩs.t͡ʃi.tʊˈi(ɾ)], (faster pronunciation) /ĩs.t͡ʃiˈtwi(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ĩʃ.t͡ʃi.tuˈi(ʁ)/ [ĩʃ.t͡ʃi.tʊˈi(χ)], (faster pronunciation) /ĩʃ.t͡ʃiˈtwi(ʁ)/ [ĩʃ.t͡ʃiˈtwi(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ĩs.t͡ʃi.tuˈi(ɻ)/ [ĩs.t͡ʃi.tʊˈi(ɻ)], (faster pronunciation) /ĩs.t͡ʃiˈtwi(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩʃ.tiˈtwiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩʃ.tiˈtwiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ĩʃ.tiˈtwi.ɾi/

Verb

instituir (first-person singular present instituo, first-person singular preterite instituí, past participle instituído)

1. to found, institute, establish

Conjugation

    Conjugation of instituir (irregular) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	instituir
Personal	instituir	instituíres	instituir	instituirmos	instituirdes	instituírem
Gerund
	instituindo
Past participle
Masculine	instituído			instituídos
Feminine	instituída			instituídas
Indicative
Present	instituo	instituis	institui	instituímos	instituís	instituem
Imperfect	instituía	instituías	instituía	instituíamos	instituíeis	instituíam
Preterite	instituí	instituíste	instituiu	instituímos	instituístes	instituíram
Pluperfect	instituíra	instituíras	instituíra	instituíramos	instituíreis	instituíram
Future	instituirei	instituirás	instituirá	instituiremos	instituireis	instituirão
Conditional	instituiria	instituirias	instituiria	instituiríamos	instituiríeis	instituiriam
Subjunctive
Present	institua	instituas	institua	instituamos	instituais	instituam
Imperfect	instituísse	instituísses	instituísse	instituíssemos	instituísseis	instituíssem
Future	instituir	instituíres	instituir	instituirmos	instituirdes	instituírem
Imperative
Affirmative		institui	institua	instituamos	instituí	instituam
Negative (não)		não instituas	não institua	não instituamos	não instituais	não instituam

Related terms

• instituição

Further reading

• “instituir” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
• “instituir” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin īnstituō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /instiˈtwiɾ/ [ĩns.t̪iˈt̪wiɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: ins‧ti‧tuir

Verb

instituir (first-person singular present instituyo, first-person singular preterite instituí, past participle instituido)

1. (transitive) to found, to institute, to establish

   Synonyms: fundar, establecer

Conjugation

    Conjugation of instituir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			instituir
gerund			instituyendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		instituido		instituida
		plural		instituidos		instituidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	instituyo	instituyestú instituísvos	instituye	instituimos	instituís	instituyen
	imperfect	instituía	instituías	instituía	instituíamos	instituíais	instituían
	preterite	instituí	instituiste	instituyó	instituimos	instituisteis	instituyeron
	future	instituiré	instituirás	instituirá	instituiremos	instituiréis	instituirán
	conditional	instituiría	instituirías	instituiría	instituiríamos	instituiríais	instituirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	instituya	instituyastú instituyásvos2	instituya	instituyamos	instituyáis	instituyan
	imperfect (ra)	instituyera	instituyeras	instituyera	instituyéramos	instituyerais	instituyeran
	imperfect (se)	instituyese	instituyeses	instituyese	instituyésemos	instituyeseis	instituyesen
	future1	instituyere	instituyeres	instituyere	instituyéremos	instituyereis	instituyeren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		instituyetú instituívos	instituya	instituyamos	instituid	instituyan
	negative		no instituyas	no instituya	no instituyamos	no instituyáis	no instituyan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of instituir

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive instituir
	dative	instituirme	instituirte	instituirle, instituirse	instituirnos	instituiros	instituirles, instituirse
	accusative	instituirme	instituirte	instituirlo, instituirla, instituirse	instituirnos	instituiros	instituirlos, instituirlas, instituirse
with gerund instituyendo
	dative	instituyéndome	instituyéndote	instituyéndole, instituyéndose	instituyéndonos	instituyéndoos	instituyéndoles, instituyéndose
	accusative	instituyéndome	instituyéndote	instituyéndolo, instituyéndola, instituyéndose	instituyéndonos	instituyéndoos	instituyéndolos, instituyéndolas, instituyéndose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative instituye
	dative	institúyeme	institúyete	institúyele	institúyenos	not used	institúyeles
	accusative	institúyeme	institúyete	institúyelo, institúyela	institúyenos	not used	institúyelos, institúyelas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative instituí
	dative	instituime	instituite	instituile	instituinos	not used	instituiles
	accusative	instituime	instituite	instituilo, instituila	instituinos	not used	instituilos, instituilas
with formal second-person singular imperative instituya
	dative	institúyame	not used	institúyale, institúyase	institúyanos	not used	institúyales
	accusative	institúyame	not used	institúyalo, institúyala, institúyase	institúyanos	not used	institúyalos, institúyalas
with first-person plural imperative instituyamos
	dative	not used	instituyámoste	instituyámosle	instituyámonos	instituyámoos	instituyámosles
	accusative	not used	instituyámoste	instituyámoslo, instituyámosla	instituyámonos	instituyámoos	instituyámoslos, instituyámoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative instituid
	dative	instituidme	not used	instituidle	instituidnos	instituíos	instituidles
	accusative	instituidme	not used	instituidlo, instituidla	instituidnos	instituíos	instituidlos, instituidlas
with formal second-person plural imperative instituyan
	dative	institúyanme	not used	institúyanle	institúyannos	not used	institúyanles, institúyanse
	accusative	institúyanme	not used	institúyanlo, institúyanla	institúyannos	not used	institúyanlos, institúyanlas, institúyanse

Related terms

• institución

 

Further reading

• “instituir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014