tympanum

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English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
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Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Latin tympanum (“a drum, timbrel, tambourine; the eardrum”). Doublet of timbre and timpani.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tympanum (plural tympanums or tympana)

  1. (archaic) A drum.
  2. (anatomy, zootomy) Any of various anatomic structures in various animals with analogy to a drum head:
    1. (anatomy, zootomy) The eardrum (tympanic membrane, membrana tympanica).
    2. (anatomy, zootomy) The main portion of the middle ear: the tympanic cavity (cavitas tympani).
    3. (zootomy, entomology) A thin tense membrane covering the hearing organ on the leg or body of some insects, sometimes adapted (as in cicadas) for producing sound.
    4. (zootomy) A membranous resonator in a sound-producing organ in frogs and toads.
    5. (zootomy) (in certain birds) The labyrinth at the bottom of the windpipe.
  3. (architecture) A vertical recessed triangular space between the sides of a pediment, typically decorated
    1. The recessed triangular space within an arch, and above a lintel or a subordinate arch, spanning the opening below the arch
  4. (engineering) A drum-shaped wheel with spirally curved partitions by which water is raised to the axis when the wheel revolves with the lower part of the circumference submerged; used for raising water, as for irrigation.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

eardrum — see eardrum
middle ear — see middle ear

References[edit]

Latin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τῠ́μπᾰνον (túmpanon, “a kettledrum, drum”), from τῠ́πτω (túptō, “to strike, beat, smite”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tympanum n (genitive tympanī); second declension

  1. (literally, music) drum, timbrel, tambour, tambourine
    1. (figurative) timbrel as a figure of something effeminate or enervating
  2. (transferred sense) (of things of a like shape):
    1. drum or wheel in machines for raising weights, in water organs, etc.
    2. (architecture):
      1. triangular area of a pediment
      2. panel of a door
      3. part of the clepsydra
        Synonym: phellos
This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them!

Inflection[edit]

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative tympanum tympana
Genitive tympanī tympanōrum
Dative tympanō tympanīs
Accusative tympanum tympana
Ablative tympanō tympanīs
Vocative tympanum tympana

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Note: see τῠ́μπᾰνον (túmpanon) for later re-borrowings from Byzantine.

Descendants of tympanum in other languages

References[edit]

  • Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “tympanum”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 13: To–Tyrus, page 455
  • “tympanum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “tympanum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • tympanum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • tympanum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • “tympanum”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎[1]
  • “tympanum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “tympanum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Noun[edit]

tympanum n

  1. form removed with the spelling reform of 2005; superseded by tympanon
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