儼

See also: 俨 and 𠑊

儼 U+513C, 儼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-513C ← 儻 [U+513B] CJK Unified Ideographs 儽 → [U+513D]

Translingual

Traditional	儼
Shinjitai (extended)	𠑊
Simplified	俨

Han character

儼 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+20, 22 strokes, cangjie input 人口口大 (ORRK), four-corner 2624₈, composition ⿰亻嚴)

Derived characters

• 𭍍

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 122, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1324
• Dae Jaweon: page 257, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 240, character 2
• Unihan data for U+513C

Chinese

trad.		儼
simp.		俨

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 儼
Bronze inscriptions b12259 Small seal script s05714 Transcribed ancient scripts L35502 L18748 L18749 L18747
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (敢) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
撖	*kʰɯːm, *kʰreːmʔ, *ɡraːmʔ
澉	*l̥ʰaːms, *klaːmʔ
噉	*l'aːmʔ
敢	*klaːmʔ
橄	*klaːmʔ
瞰	*kʰlaːms
闞	*kʰlaːms, *qʰreːmʔ, *hŋraːms
憨	*qʰaːm, *qʰlaːms
譀	*qʰlaːms, *qʰraːms, *qʰraːb
巖	*ŋraːm
礹	*ŋraːm, *ŋamʔ
豃	*qʰraːmʔ
讝	*kjam
玁	*hŋramʔ
嚴	*ŋam
儼	*ŋamʔ
曮	*ŋamʔ
釅	*ŋams

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yǎn (yan³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jim⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): giám

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngiêm² / ngiam² / ngiang²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yǎn
    • Wade–Giles: yen³
    • Yale: yǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yean
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jim⁵
    • Yale: yíhm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jim⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: yim⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jiːm¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: giám
    • Tâi-lô: giám
    • Phofsit Daibuun: giarm
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡiam⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡiam⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɡiam⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngiêm² / ngiam² / ngiang²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngiém / ngiám / ngiáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋiem⁵²/, /ŋiam⁵²/, /ŋiaŋ⁵²/

Note:

• ngiêm2 - Chaozhou;
• ngiam2 - Shantou;
• ngiang2 - Chenghai.

---

• Middle Chinese: ngjaemX

Rime
Character	儼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	嚴 (145)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚掩切
Baxter	ngjaemX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨɐmX/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋiɐmX/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiɐmX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨamX/
Li Rong	/ŋiɐmX/
Wang Li	/ŋĭɐmX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯ɐmX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jim5

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*ŋ(r)[a]mʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋamʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	儼
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ ngjæmX ›
Old Chinese	/*ŋ(r)[a]mʔ/
English	dignified
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	儼
Reading #	1/1
No.	3693
Phonetic component	敢
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*ŋamʔ/
Notes	原誤魯掩切依王韻校正， 巾箱本魚不誤

Definitions

儼

1. (literary) grave, respectful, majestic
2. (literary) as if, seemingly, like
3. ^† to raise one's head
4. ^† neatly arranged

Compounds

• 儼如／俨如 (yǎnrú)
• 儼然／俨然 (yǎnrán)
• 智儼／智俨

 

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	𠑊
Kyūjitai	儼

Kanji

儼

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𠑊)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): げん (gen)
• Kun: おごそか (ogosoka)、いかめしい (ikameshii)

Compounds

• 儼(げん)然(ぜん)／𠑊(げん)然(ぜん) (genzen)

 

Korean

Hanja

儼 (eum 엄 (eom))

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Vietnamese

Han character

儼: Hán Nôm readings: nghiễm

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