φάκελος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• φάκελλος (phákellos)

Etymology

The term has been connected to Latin fascis, though this comparison is rejected by De Vaan. Beekes points out a variant φάκελλος (phákellos) in Aristotle, and says that this proves that this word is Pre-Greek. It has also been suggested that the word is related to Albanian bashkë (“together”). The suffix is reminiscent of πύελος (púelos) and σκόπελος (skópelos). Furnée further compares φάσκωλος (pháskōlos, “leathern bag”) and βάσκιοι (báskioi). Solmsen hesitatingly compared σφάκελος (sphákelos, “spasm, gangrene”), suggesting a common meaning "drawn together, tied together."

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰá.ke.los/ → /ˈɸa.ce.los/ → /ˈfa.ce.los/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰá.ke.los/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpʰa.ke.los/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɸa.ce.los/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ce.los/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈfa.ce.los/

Noun

φάκελος • (phákelos) m (genitive φακέλου); second declension

1. bundle, faggot

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ φάκελος; τοῦ φακέλου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ φάκελος ho phákelos	τὼ φακέλω tṑ phakélō	οἱ φάκελοι hoi phákeloi
Genitive	τοῦ φακέλου toû phakélou	τοῖν φακέλοιν toîn phakéloin	τῶν φακέλων tôn phakélōn
Dative	τῷ φακέλῳ tōî phakélōi	τοῖν φακέλοιν toîn phakéloin	τοῖς φακέλοις toîs phakélois
Accusative	τὸν φάκελον tòn phákelon	τὼ φακέλω tṑ phakélō	τοὺς φακέλους toùs phakélous
Vocative	φάκελε phákele	φακέλω phakélō	φάκελοι phákeloi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• → Greek: φάκελος (fákelos) (learned)

Further reading

• “φάκελος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940), A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φάκελος” in Bailly, Anatole (1935), Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

Greek

Alternative forms

• φάκελλος m (fákellos)

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos).

Noun

φάκελος • (fákelos) m (plural φάκελοι)

1. envelope (stationery)
2. file, dossier
3. (computing) directory, folder (file storage)

Declension

Declension of φάκελος

	singular	plural
nominative	φάκελος (fákelos)	φάκελοι (fákeloi)
genitive	φακέλου (fakélou)	φακέλων (fakélon)
accusative	φάκελο (fákelo)	φακέλους (fakélous)
vocative	φάκελε (fákele)	φάκελοι (fákeloi)

Synonyms

• (computer directory): κατάλογος m (katálogos)

Derived terms

• φακελάκι n (fakeláki, “little envelope, bribe”)