искам

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *jьskati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈiskɐm]

• Audio

  (file)

Verb

и́скам • (ískam) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (transitive) to want, to wish, to would like

   Synonyms: ща (šta), (dialectal) са́кам (sákam)

   и́скам не́що (declerative) ― ískam néšto ― [I] want something

   бих и́скал не́що (subjunctive) ― bih ískal néšto ― [I] would have wanted something

   и́ска ми се да (desiderative) ― íska mi se da ― [I] would like to

2. (by extension) to require, to demand, to ask for

   Synonyms: изи́сквам (izískvam), предявя́вам (predjavjávam), отпра́вям иск (otprávjam isk)

3. (transitive, intransitive, expressive) to desire, to crave, to fancy

   Synonyms: жела́я (želája), жаду́вам (žadúvam)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of и́скам (conjugation 3, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	и́скащ ískašt	и́скал, иска́л1 ískal, iskál1	и́скал ískal	и́скан ískan		и́скайки ískajki
	definite subject form	и́скащият ískaštijat	и́скалият, иска́лият1 ískalijat, iskálijat1	—	и́сканият ískanijat
	definite object form	и́скащия ískaštija	и́скалия, иска́лия1 ískalija, iskálija1	—	и́скания ískanija
feminine	indefinite	и́скаща ískašta	и́скала, иска́ла1 ískala, iskála1	и́скала ískala	и́скана ískana
	definite	и́скащата ískaštata	и́скалата, иска́лата1 ískalata, iskálata1	—	и́сканата ískanata
neuter	indefinite	и́скащо ískašto	и́скало, иска́ло1 ískalo, iskálo1	и́скало ískalo	и́скано ískano	и́скане ískane
	definite	и́скащото ískaštoto	и́скалото, иска́лото1 ískaloto, iskáloto1	—	и́сканото ískanoto	и́скането ískaneto
plural	indefinite	и́скащи ískašti	и́скали, иска́ли1 ískali, iskáli1	и́скали ískali	и́скани ískani	и́скания, и́сканета ískanija, ískaneta
	definite	и́скащите ískaštite	и́скалите, иска́лите1 ískalite, iskálite1	—	и́сканите ískanite	и́сканията, и́сканетата ískanijata, ískanetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		и́скам ískam	и́скаш ískaš	и́ска íska	и́скаме ískame	и́скате ískate	и́скат ískat
imperfect		и́сках ískah	и́скаше ískaše	и́скаше ískaše	и́скахме ískahme	и́скахте ískahte	и́скаха ískaha
aorist		и́сках, иска́х1 ískah, iskáh1	и́ска, иска́1 íska, iská1	и́ска, иска́1 íska, iská1	и́скахме, иска́хме1 ískahme, iskáhme1	и́скахте, иска́хте1 ískahte, iskáhte1	и́скаха, иска́ха1 ískaha, iskáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and и́скал m, и́скала f, и́скало n, or и́скали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and и́скал m, и́скала f, и́скало n, or и́скали pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́скал m, и́скала f, и́скало n, or и́скали pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and и́скал/иска́л1 m, и́скала/иска́ла1 f, и́скало/иска́ло1 n, or и́скали/иска́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			и́скай ískaj			и́скайте ískajte

¹Dialectally marked.

Alternative forms

• и́ща (íšta) — je-conjugation

Derived terms

• взи́скам pf (vzískam), взи́сквам impf (vzískvam) (dated)
• заи́скам pf (zaískam), заи́сквам impf (zaískvam, “to start wanting”)
• изи́скам pf (izískam), изи́сквам impf (izískvam, “to demand”)
• наи́сквам (naískvam, “to want a lot”) (dialectal)
• оби́сквам (obískvam, “to seek”) (dialectal)
• пои́скам pf (poískam), пои́сквам impf (poískvam, “to make a wish”)
• рази́скам pf (razískam), рази́сквам impf (razískvam, “to inquire”)
• дои́сква се ня́кому (doískva se njákomu, “to get a desire”)
• заи́сква се ня́кому (zaískva se njákomu, “to start desiring”)
• прии́сква се ня́кому (priískva se njákomu, “to incite a desire”)
• иска́тел (iskátel, “prosecutor”) (obsolete)
• ище́ц m (ištéc), ищца́ f (ištcá, “claimant”) (judicial)
• иск (isk, “claim, suit”)
• иско́м (iskóm) (obsolete), и́скан (ískan, “saught, desired”)

References

• “искам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “искам”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “искам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 87
• искати in Исторически речник на Българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky'"

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈiskəm]

Noun

и́скам • (ískam) m inan pl

1. dative plural of иск (isk)