краска

See also: Краска

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *krasъka.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkraskɐ]
• Rhymes: -askɐ
• Syllabification^(key): кра‧ска
• Hyphenation^(key): крас‧ка

Noun

кра́ска • (kráska) f

1. paint, pigment, dye (a substance used to colour, paint, dye, or cover a surface)

   Стената беше покрита със синя кра́ска.

   Stenata beše pokrita săs sinja kráska.

   The wall was covered with blue paint.

   Художникът смеси няколко кра́ски върху палитрата.

   Hudožnikăt smesi njakolko kráski vărhu palitrata.

   The painter mixed several paints on the palette.

   Кра́ската по вратата започна да се лющи.

   Kráskata po vratata započna da se ljušti.

   The paint on the door began to peel.

   За дървото трябва специална защитна кра́ска.

   Za dărvoto trjabva specialna zaštitna kráska.

   The wood needs a special protective paint.

2. colour, hue, shade, tint (a colour or shade, especially as an element of appearance, painting, or description)

   Есенната гора блестеше с топли кра́ски.

   Esennata gora blesteše s topli kráski.

   The autumn forest shone with warm colours.

   Небето смени кра́ските си преди залез.

   Nebeto smeni kráskite si predi zalez.

   The sky changed its colours before sunset.

   В картината преобладават светли кра́ски.

   V kartinata preobladavat svetli kráski.

   Light colours predominate in the painting.

3. (figurative) colouring, tone, flavour, character, shade (a special expressive tone, nuance, character, or emotional colouring)

   Разказът има тъжна, почти есенна кра́ска.

   Razkazăt ima tăžna, počti esenna kráska.

   The story has a sad, almost autumnal tone.

   Думите му придадоха друга кра́ска на случката.

   Dumite mu pridadoha druga kráska na slučkata.

   His words gave the event a different colouring.

   Споменът беше запазил романтичната си кра́ска.

   Spomenăt beše zapazil romantičnata si kráska.

   The memory had preserved its romantic colouring.

Declension

Declension of кра́ска

	singular	plural
indefinite	кра́ска kráska	кра́ски kráski
definite	кра́ската kráskata	кра́ските kráskite

References

• “краска”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “краска”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Old Ruthenian

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic *кра́съка (*krásŭka), from Proto-Slavic *kràsъka, from *krāsà. By surface analysis, краса́ (krasá) +‎ -ка (-ka). Cognate with Russian кра́ска (kráska).

Noun

краска • (kraska) f inan

1. paint, dye, ink
2. colors
3. flower, flowering plant

Descendants

• Belarusian: кра́ска (kráska) (dialectal)
• Ukrainian: кра́ска (kráska)

Further reading

• Bulyka, A. M., editor (1997), “краска”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 16 (коржъ – лесничанка), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 93
• Chikalo, M. I., editor (2010), “краска”, in Словник української мови XVI – I пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 15 (конь – легковѣрны), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 82

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Russian кра́ска (kráska), from Old East Slavic *кра́съка (*krásŭka), from Proto-Slavic *kràsъka, from *krāsà.

краса́ (krasá, “beauty”) +‎ -ка (-ka), first attested in the 15th century; original sense is hypothesized to be “blush” or “decoration”.

Compare sense development to кра́сный (krásnyj, “red”), original sense “beautiful, good”, and to кра́сить (krásitʹ, “to color”), original sense “to decorate”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkraskə]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Saint Petersburg):

  (file)

Noun

кра́ска • (kráska) f inan (genitive кра́ски, nominative plural кра́ски, genitive plural кра́сок, relational adjective кра́сочный, diminutive кра́сочка)

1. paint, dye, ink
2. colors
3. blush, flush (complexion)

Declension

Declension of кра́ска (inan fem-form velar-stem accent-a reduc) 

	singular	plural
nominative	кра́ска kráska	кра́ски kráski
genitive	кра́ски kráski	кра́сок krások
dative	кра́ске kráske	кра́скам kráskam
accusative	кра́ску krásku	кра́ски kráski
instrumental	кра́ской, кра́скою kráskoj, kráskoju	кра́сками kráskami
prepositional	кра́ске kráske	кра́сках kráskax

Pre-reform declension of кра́ска (inan fem-form velar-stem accent-a reduc) 

	singular	plural
nominative	кра́ска kráska	кра́ски kráski
genitive	кра́ски kráski	кра́сокъ krások
dative	кра́скѣ kráskě	кра́скамъ kráskam
accusative	кра́ску krásku	кра́ски kráski
instrumental	кра́ской, кра́скою kráskoj, kráskoju	кра́сками kráskami
prepositional	кра́скѣ kráskě	кра́скахъ kráskax

Synonyms

• краси́тель (krasítelʹ), пигме́нт (pigmént)
• цвет (cvet), отте́нок (otténok), тон (ton)
• румя́нец (rumjánec)

Related terms

• краса́ (krasá), красота́ (krasotá), краси́тель (krasítelʹ), окра́с (okrás), окра́ска (okráska), покра́ска (pokráska), раскра́ска (raskráska)
• кра́сный (krásnyj), краси́вый (krasívyj), кра́сящий (krásjaščij)
• кра́сить (krásitʹ), вы́красить (výkrasitʹ), изукра́сить (izukrásitʹ)
• кра́сочно (krásočno), краси́во (krasívo)

Descendants

• → Bezhta: караска (karaska)
• → Ingrian: kraaska
• → Votic: kraaskõ

References

• Shansky, N. M., editor (1982), “краска”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, number 8 (К), Moscow: Moscow University Press, page 373

Further reading

• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882), “краска”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.
• Kuznetsov, Sergey Alexandrovich (1998), “краска”, in Большой толковый словарь русского языка [Great Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Norint, →ISBN