кулак
Belarusian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Probably from Turkic.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]кула́к • (kulák) m inan (genitive кулака́, nominative plural кулакі́, genitive plural кулако́ў)
- fist (clenched hand)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | кула́к kulák |
кулакі́ kulakí |
| genitive | кулака́ kulaká |
кулако́ў kulaków |
| dative | кулаку́ kulakú |
кулака́м kulakám |
| accusative | кула́к kulák |
кулакі́ kulakí |
| instrumental | кулако́м kulakóm |
кулака́мі kulakámi |
| locative | кулаку́ kulakú |
кулака́х kulakáx |
| count form | — | кулакі́1 kulakí1 |
1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
Noun
[edit]кула́к • (kulák) m pers (genitive кулака́, nominative plural кулакі́, genitive plural кулако́ў, female equivalent кула́чка)
- (historical, usually derogatory) kulak
- Synonym: курку́ль (kurkúlʹ)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | кула́к kulák |
кулакі́ kulakí |
| genitive | кулака́ kulaká |
кулако́ў kulaków |
| dative | кулаку́ kulakú |
кулака́м kulakám |
| accusative | кулака́ kulaká |
кулако́ў kulaków |
| instrumental | кулако́м kulakóm |
кулака́мі kulakámi |
| locative | кулаку́ kulakú |
кулака́х kulakáx |
| count form | — | кулакі́1 kulakí1 |
1Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
References
[edit]- “кулак” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org
Bulgarian
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Russian кула́к (kulák, “fist”), probably of Turkic origin.
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [koˈɫak]
Audio (Standard Bulgarian, l-vocalization): (file) - Rhymes: -ak
- Syllabification(key): ку‧лак
Noun
[edit]кула́к • (kulák) m (feminine кула́чка)
- (historical, Soviet society) kulak (free farmer within the Communist bloc who opposed collectivization)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | кула́к kulák |
кула́ци kuláci |
| definite (subject form) |
кула́кът kulákǎt |
кула́ците kulácite |
| definite (object form) |
кула́ка kuláka | |
| vocative form | кула́ко kuláko |
кула́ци kuláci |
References
[edit]- “кулак”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “кулак”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
Kildin Sami
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- кулах (kulax)
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]кулак (kulak)
- second-person singular indicative present of куллэ (kulle)
Kyrgyz
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *kulkak (“ear”). Cognate with Kazakh құлақ (qūlaq), Southern Altai кулак (kulak), Crimean Tatar qulaq, Karachay-Balkar къулакъ (qulaq), Kumyk къулакъ (qulaq), Bashkir ҡолаҡ (qolaq), Tatar колак (qolaq), Azerbaijani qulaq, Gagauz kulak, Turkish kulak, Turkmen gulak, Uzbek quloq, Uyghur قۇلاق (qulaq), Khakas хулах (xulax), Shor қулақ, Tofa ӄулаӄ, Tuvan кулак (kulak), Western Yugur qulaq, etc.
Noun
[edit]кулак • (kulak) (Arabic spelling قۇلاق)
Nogai
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *kulkak.
Noun
[edit]кулак • (kulak)
References
[edit]- N. A. Baskakov, S.A Kalmykov, editor (1963), “кулак”, in Nogajsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Nogai-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: karačajevo-čerkesskij naučno- issledovatelʹskij institut jazyka, literatury i istorii, →ISBN
Northern Altai
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *kulkak. Cognate to Khakas хулах (xulax), Shor қулақ (qulaq), Tuvan кулак (kulak), Tofa ӄулаӄ (qulaq), Western Yugur qulaq, etc.
Noun
[edit]кулак • (kulak)
References
[edit]- N. A Baskakov, editor (1972), “кулак”, in Severnyje dialekty Altajskovo (Ojrotskovo Jazyka- Dialekt kumandincev(Kumandin Kiži) [Northern Dialect of Altai -Kumandin Dialect(Kumandin kiži)], Moskva: glavnaja redakcija vostočnoja literatury, →ISBN
Russian
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]- кула́къ (kulák) — pre-1918 spelling
Etymology
[edit]Probably from Turkic, with the same meaning, from *kul (“hand”). Compare Bashkir ҡул (qul, “arm, hand”), Tatar кул (qul, “arm, hand”) and Turkish kol (“arm”). The sense of “wealthy farmer” is from the expression держа́ть в кулаке́ (deržátʹ v kulaké, “to keep in dependence”) or developed figuratively as “fist” → “tightfisted person”.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]кула́к • (kulák) m inan (genitive кулака́, nominative plural кулаки́, genitive plural кулако́в, relational adjective кула́чный, diminutive кулачо́к)
- fist
- 1934, Константин Вагинов [Konstantin Vaginov], “Глава 4. Зелёный дом”, in Гарпагониана; English translation from (Please provide a date or year):
- Он сжима́л кулаки́ и был зол на себя́ за то, что он пресле́дует их, но останови́ться у него́ не хвата́ло во́ли.
- On sžimál kulakí i byl zol na sebjá za to, što on preslédujet ix, no ostanovítʹsja u nevó ne xvatálo vóli.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- (military) concentrated force
- (mechanical) cam
Declension
[edit]Noun
[edit]кула́к • (kulák) m anim (genitive кулака́, nominative plural кулаки́, genitive plural кулако́в, female equivalent кула́чка, relational adjective кула́цкий, diminutive кулачо́к)
- (historical, usually derogatory) kulak (a prosperous peasant in the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union, who owned land and could hire workers)
- Synonym: курку́ль (kurkúlʹ)
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- кула́чество (kuláčestvo)
- кула́чный (kuláčnyj)
- кулачо́к (kulačók)
- подкула́чник (podkuláčnik, “subkulak”)
- раскула́чивание (raskuláčivanije, “repression against kulaks”)
- раскула́чивать (raskuláčivatʹ)
Compounds:
- держа́ть в кулаке́ impf (deržátʹ v kulaké)
- держа́ть кулаки́ impf (deržátʹ kulakí), держа́ть кулачки́ impf (deržátʹ kulačkí)
Descendants
[edit]Southern Altai
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *kulkak (“ear”). Cognate with Kazakh құлақ (qūlaq), Kyrgyz кулак (kulak), Crimean Tatar qulaq, Karachay-Balkar къулакъ (qulaq), Kumyk къулакъ (qulaq), Bashkir ҡолаҡ (qolaq), Tatar колак (qolaq), Azerbaijani qulaq, Gagauz kulak, Turkish kulak, Turkmen gulak, Uzbek quloq, Uyghur قۇلاق (qulaq), Khakas хулах (xulax), Shor қулақ, Tofa ӄулаӄ, Tuvan кулак (kulak), Western Yugur qulaq, etc.
Noun
[edit]кулак • (kulak)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| absolute | кулак (kulak) | кулактар (kulaktar) |
| definite genitive | кулактыҥ (kulaktïŋ) | кулактардыҥ (kulaktardïŋ) |
| dative | кулакка (kulakka) | кулактарга (kulaktarga) |
| definite accusative | кулакты (kulaktï) | кулактарды (kulaktardï) |
| locative | кулакта (kulakta) | кулактарда (kulaktarda) |
| ablative | кулактаҥ (kulaktaŋ) | кулактардаҥ (kulaktardaŋ) |
References
[edit]- N. A. Baskakov, Toščakova N.A, editor (1947), “кулак”, in Ojrotsko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Oyrot-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: M.: OGIZ, →ISBN
Tuvan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *kulkak (“ear”). Cognate with Turkish kulak.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]кулак • (kulak) (definite accusative кулакты, plural кулактар)
Declension
[edit]| Declension of кулак | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | кулак kulak | |
| Accusative | кулакты kulaktı | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | кулак kulak |
кулактар kulaktar |
| Genitive | кулактың kulaktıñ |
кулактарның kulaktarnıñ |
| Accusative | кулакты kulaktı |
кулактарны kulaktarnı |
| Dative | кулакка kulakka |
кулактарга kulaktarga |
| Locative | кулакта kulakta |
кулактарда kulaktarda |
| Ablative | кулактан kulaktan |
кулактардан kulaktardan |
| Prolative I | кулакче kulakçe |
кулактарже kulaktarje |
| Prolative II | кулактыва kulaktıva |
кулактардыва kulaktardıva |
| First person singular possessive forms of кулак | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | кулакым kulakım | |
| Accusative | кулакымны kulakımnı | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | кулакым kulakım |
кулактарым kulaktarım |
| Genitive | кулакымның kulakımnıñ |
кулактарымның kulaktarımnıñ |
| Accusative | кулакымны kulakımnı |
кулактарымны kulaktarımnı |
| Dative | кулакымга kulakımga |
кулактарымга kulaktarımga |
| Locative | кулакымда kulakımda |
кулактарымда kulaktarımda |
| Ablative | кулакымдан kulakımdan |
кулактарымдан kulaktarımdan |
| Prolative I | кулакымже kulakımje |
кулактарымже kulaktarımje |
| Prolative II | кулакымдыва kulakımdıva |
кулактарымдыва kulaktarımdıva |
Ukrainian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]кула́к • (kulák) m inan (genitive кулака́, nominative plural кулаки́, genitive plural кулакі́в, relational adjective кула́чний, diminutive кулачо́к)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | кула́к kulák |
кулаки́ kulaký |
| genitive | кулака́ kulaká |
кулакі́в kulakív |
| dative | кулако́ві, кулаку́ kulakóvi, kulakú |
кулака́м kulakám |
| accusative | кула́к kulák |
кулаки́ kulaký |
| instrumental | кулако́м kulakóm |
кулака́ми kulakámy |
| locative | кулаку́, кулаці́ kulakú, kulací |
кулака́х kulakáx |
| vocative | кулаку́ kulakú |
кулаки́ kulaký |
Noun
[edit]кула́к • (kulák) m pers (genitive кулака́, nominative plural кулаки́, genitive plural кулакі́в, female equivalent кула́чка, relational adjective кула́цький, diminutive кулачо́к)
- (historical, usually derogatory) kulak (a prosperous peasant in the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union, who owned land and could hire workers)
- Synonym: курку́ль (kurkúlʹ)
Declension
[edit]| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | кула́к kulák |
кулаки́ kulaký |
| genitive | кулака́ kulaká |
кулакі́в kulakív |
| dative | кулако́ві, кулаку́ kulakóvi, kulakú |
кулака́м kulakám |
| accusative | кулака́ kulaká |
кулакі́в kulakív |
| instrumental | кулако́м kulakóm |
кулака́ми kulakámy |
| locative | кулако́ві, кулаку́ kulakóvi, kulakú |
кулака́х kulakáx |
| vocative | кула́че kuláče |
кулаки́ kulaký |
References
[edit]- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “кулак”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “кулак”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection][1]
- “кулак”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua, Slovnyk.ua][2]
- Belarusian terms derived from Turkic languages
- Belarusian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Belarusian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Belarusian/ak
- Rhymes:Belarusian/ak/2 syllables
- Belarusian lemmas
- Belarusian nouns
- Belarusian masculine nouns
- Belarusian inanimate nouns
- Belarusian velar-stem masculine-form nouns
- Belarusian velar-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns
- Belarusian nouns with accent pattern b
- Belarusian personal nouns
- Belarusian terms with historical senses
- Belarusian derogatory terms
- Bulgarian terms borrowed from Russian
- Bulgarian terms derived from Russian
- Bulgarian terms derived from Turkic languages
- Bulgarian 2-syllable words
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Bulgarian/ak
- Rhymes:Bulgarian/ak/2 syllables
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
- Bulgarian masculine nouns
- Bulgarian terms with historical senses
- Kildin Sami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kildin Sami non-lemma forms
- Kildin Sami verb forms
- Kyrgyz terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Kyrgyz terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Kyrgyz lemmas
- Kyrgyz nouns
- Nogai terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Nogai terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Nogai lemmas
- Nogai nouns
- Northern Altai terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Northern Altai terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Northern Altai lemmas
- Northern Altai nouns
- Russian terms derived from Turkic languages
- Russian 2-syllable words
- Russian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Russian terms with audio pronunciation
- Russian lemmas
- Russian nouns
- Russian masculine nouns
- Russian inanimate nouns
- Russian terms with quotations
- ru:Military
- Russian velar-stem masculine-form nouns
- Russian velar-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns
- Russian nouns with accent pattern b
- Russian animate nouns
- Russian terms with historical senses
- Russian derogatory terms
- ru:Anatomy
- ru:People
- ru:Politics
- Southern Altai terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Southern Altai terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Southern Altai lemmas
- Southern Altai nouns
- Tuvan terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Tuvan terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Tuvan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Tuvan lemmas
- Tuvan nouns
- tyv:Organs
- Ukrainian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ukrainian terms with audio pronunciation
- Ukrainian lemmas
- Ukrainian nouns
- Ukrainian masculine nouns
- Ukrainian inanimate nouns
- Ukrainian velar-stem masculine-form nouns
- Ukrainian velar-stem masculine-form accent-b nouns
- Ukrainian nouns with accent pattern b
- Ukrainian personal nouns
- Ukrainian terms with historical senses
- Ukrainian derogatory terms