над-
See also: над and Appendix:Variations of "nad"
Russian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- надо- (nado-) — used before certain consonant clusters
Pronunciation
[edit]- над-: IPA(key): [nəd] (before vowels and voiced consonants)
- над-: IPA(key): [nət] (before voiceless consonants)
- на́д-: IPA(key): [ˈnad] (when stressed, before vowels and voiced consonants)
- над-: IPA(key): [ˈnat] (when stressed, before voiceless consonants)
Prefix
[edit]над- or на́д- • (nad- or nád-)
- takes verbs, produces verbs: to extend, add
- takes verbs, produces verbs: to apply an action or measure
- над- (nad-) + -зира́ть (-zirátʹ, “to look at”) → надзира́ть (nadzirátʹ, “to oversee”)
- takes verbs, produces verbs: to apply an action in incomplete manner
- над- (nad-) + куси́ть (kusítʹ, “to bite”) → надкуси́ть (nadkusítʹ, “to take a bite, nibble”)
- takes verbs, produces verbs: super-
- над- (nad-) + писа́ть (pisátʹ, “to write”) → надписа́ть (nadpisátʹ, “to superscribe, to inscribe”)
- takes nouns, produces nouns and adjectives: over, above
- над- (nad-) + вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ный (-nyj, adjective-forming suffix) → надво́дный (nadvódnyj, “above-water”)
- над- (nad-) + гроб (grob, “grave”) (poetic) + -ие (-ije, noun-forming suffix) → надгро́бие (nadgróbije, “tombstone”, literally “thing over the grave”)
Usage notes
[edit]- The suffix is found stressed in some noun derivations, e.g. на́дпись (nádpisʹ, “inscription”) (from надписа́ть (nadpisátʹ, “to caption, to inscribe; to write above”)).
Derived terms
[edit]Ukrainian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- наді- (nadi-) — used before certain consonant clusters
Etymology
[edit]From preposition над (nad).
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]над- • (nad-)
- takes adjectives, produces adjectives: super-, supra-
- takes verbs, produces verbs: to apply an action or measure
- над- (nad-) + зріти (zrity, “to look at”) → надзира́ти (nadzyráty, “to oversee”)
- takes verbs, produces verbs: to apply an action in incomplete manner
- по- (po-) + над- (nad-) + куса́ти (kusáty) + -ювати (-juvaty, “to bite”) → понадку́сювати (ponadkúsjuvaty, “to take a bite, nibble”)
- takes verbs, produces verbs: off, -off
- над- (nad-) + сла́ти (sláty, “to send”) → надсила́ти (nadsyláty, “to send off, to dispatch”)
- takes nouns, produces nouns and adjectives: over, above
- над- (nad-) + вода́ (vodá, “water”) + -ний (-nyj, adjective-forming suffix) → надво́дний (nadvódnyj, “above-water”)
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Лев Миха́йлович Полю́га [Lev Mykhailovych Poliuha] (2001), Словник українських морфем: близько 40 000 слів [Dictionary of Ukrainian morphemes: close to 40,000 words] (in Ukrainian), Львів [Lviv]: Світ [Svit], →ISBN, page unspecified