над

See also: над-

Belarusian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nadъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nat]

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

над • (nad)

1. above, over

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Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nadъ. Equivalent to на (na, “on”) +‎ -д (-d).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nat]

Preposition

над • (nad)

1. above, over

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Macedonian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nadъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nat]

Preposition

над • (nad)

1. above, over

   Галеби летаат над морето. ― Galebi letaat nad moreto. ― Seagulls are flying above the sea.

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Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *nadъ.

Alternative forms

• надъ (nad) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nət]
• IPA^(key): [nɐt] (before a stressed syllable)

• Audio

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [ˈnat] (when stressed)
• Note: The final [t] becomes a [d] before the voiced consonants б (b), г (g), д (d), ж (ž) and з (z).

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

над • (nad) (+ instrumental case)

1. above, over

Usage notes

Before words beginning with certain consonant clusters such as мн- (mn-), вс- (vs-), and сн- (sn-), the variant form надо (nado) is used.

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nadъ. Compare на (“on, onto”), над-, нат-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nâd/

Preposition

на̏д (Latin spelling nȁd)

1. (+ instrumental case) over, above (with no change of position, answering the question gdjȅ/gdȅ)

   над столом ― over the table

   власт над неким ― power over somebody

   херој над херојима ― the greatest of all heroes

   Synonym: и̏знад

   Antonym: по̏д

2. (+ accusative case) over, above (usually with change of position, answering the question kùda)

   Нагнуо се над воду. ― He leaned over the water.

   Synonym: и̏знад

   Antonym: по̏д

References

• “над” in Hrvatski jezični portal

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Ukrainian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *nadъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nad]

• Audio

  (file)

Preposition

над • (nad)

1. above, over