шина

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sina"

Bulgarian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Schiene.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʃinɐ]
• Rhymes: -inɐ
• Syllabification^(key): ши‧на

Noun

ши́на • (šína) f

1. rail (metal bar)
2. (computing) bus (electrical conductor or interface)
3. splint (device to immobilize a body part)

Declension

Declension of ши́на

	singular	plural
indefinite	ши́на šína	ши́ни šíni
definite	ши́ната šínata	ши́ните šínite

References

• “шина”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “шина”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Kazakh

Alternative scripts

Arabic	شينا
Cyrillic	шина
Latin	şina

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian ши́на (šína), from German Schiene.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʃina]

Noun

шина • (şina)

1. (automotive) tire/tyre

Declension

Declension of шина

	singular	plural
nominative	шина (şina)	шиналар (şinalar)
genitive	шинаның (şinanyñ)	шиналардың (şinalardyñ)
dative	шинаға (şinağa)	шиналарға (şinalarğa)
accusative	шинаны (şinany)	шиналарды (şinalardy)
locative	шинада (şinada)	шиналарда (şinalarda)
ablative	шинадан (şinadan)	шиналардан (şinalardan)
instrumental	шинамен (şinamen)	шиналармен (şinalarmen)
similative	шинадай (şinadai)	шиналардай (şinalardai)

Macedonian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʃina]
• Rhymes: -ina

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

1. (computing) bus (electrical conductor or interface)

Noun

шина • (šina) f (plural шини, relational adjective шински)

1. rail, track (e.g. of trains)

Declension

Declension of шина

	singular	plural
indefinite	шина (šina)	шини (šini)
definite unspecified	шината (šinata)	шините (šinite)
definite proximal	шинава (šinava)	шиниве (šinive)
definite distal	шинана (šinana)	шинине (šinine)
vocative	шино (šino)	шини (šini)

Derived terms

• шински (šinski)

See also

• воз m (voz)
• железница f (železnica)
• пруга f (pruga)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

шина • (šina)

1. second/third-person singular aorist of шине (šine)

References

• “шина” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Russian

шина

Etymology

Borrowed from German Schiene.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʂɨnə]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ши́на • (šína) f inan (genitive ши́ны, nominative plural ши́ны, genitive plural шин)

1. (automotive) tire/tyre
   • 1998, Борис Акунин [Boris Akunin], “Часть первая. Порт-Саид — Аден. Кларисса Стамп”, in Левиафан, Москва: Захаров; English translation from Andrew Bromfield, transl., Leviathan, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2004:

     Навстре́чу, шурша́ каучу́ковыми ши́нами, кати́л на трёхколё́сном америка́нском велосипе́де ми́стер Фандо́рин.

     Navstréču, šuršá kaučúkovymi šínami, katíl na trjoxkoljósnom amerikánskom velosipéde míster Fandórin.

     There was Mr Fandorin riding towards her with a squeak of rubber tyres on his American tricycle.

2. (medicine) splint
3. bus (electrical conductor)

Usage notes

Strictly speaking, ши́на refers to an inflatable tube which contains air within itself, and which today is often called an "inner tube." This is distinguished from a покры́шка (pokrýška), which today is often called a "tubeless tire" (in which air is not within the tire itself, but is retained in the space between the tire and the rim by an airtight seal). However, outside of mechanical circles, the words ши́на and покры́шка are often used interchangeably.

Declension

Declension of ши́на (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	ши́на šína	ши́ны šíny
genitive	ши́ны šíny	ши́н šín
dative	ши́не šíne	ши́нам šínam
accusative	ши́ну šínu	ши́ны šíny
instrumental	ши́ной, ши́ною šínoj, šínoju	ши́нами šínami
prepositional	ши́не šíne	ши́нах šínax

Synonyms

• покры́шка (pokrýška), рези́на (rezína)

Related terms

• шинник (šinnik), шинница (šinnica)
• шинный (šinnyj)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: şin
• → Kazakh: шина (şina)
• → Kyrgyz: шина (şina)
• → Uzbek: shina

Anagrams

• ни́ша (níša)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Schiene.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃîna/
• Hyphenation: ши‧на

Noun

ши̏на f (Latin spelling šȉna)

1. (Bosnia, Serbia) rail, track (for trains etc.)

   Synonym: (Croatia) тра̏чница

Declension

Declension of шина

	singular	plural
nominative	ши̏на	шине
genitive	шине	ши̑на̄
dative	шини	шинама
accusative	шину	шине
vocative	шино	шине
locative	шини	шинама
instrumental	шином	шинама

Further reading

• “шина”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Ukrainian

(1) шина

Etymology

Borrowed from German Schiene.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʃɪnɐ]

• Audio (female voice):

  (file)

• Audio (male voice):

  (file)

Noun

ши́на • (šýna) f inan (genitive ши́ни, nominative plural ши́ни, genitive plural шин)

1. (transport) tyre (UK), tire (US)
2. (medicine) splint
3. (electricity, computing) bus (electrical conductor or interface)

Declension

Declension of ши́на
(inan hard fem-form accent-a)

	singular	plural
nominative	ши́на šýna	ши́ни šýny
genitive	ши́ни šýny	шин šyn
dative	ши́ні šýni	ши́нам šýnam
accusative	ши́ну šýnu	ши́ни šýny
instrumental	ши́ною šýnoju	ши́нами šýnamy
locative	ши́ні šýni	ши́нах šýnax
vocative	ши́но šýno	ши́ни šýny

Derived terms

• автоши́на f (avtošýna)
• шинопро́від m (šynopróvid)

Further reading

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “шина”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “шина”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horox – Slovozmina, Horokh – Inflection]‎^[1]
• “шина”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “шина”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua, Slovnyk.ua]‎^[2]