rail
English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle English rail, rayl, *reȝel, *reȝol (found in reȝolsticke (“a ruler”)), partly from Old English regol (“a ruler, straight bar”) and partly from Old French reille; both from Latin regula (“rule, bar”), from regere (“to rule, to guide, to govern”); see regular.
Noun[edit]
rail (plural rails)
- A horizontal bar extending between supports and used for support or as a barrier; a railing.
- 1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, chapter 7, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:
- Old Applegate, in the stern, just set and looked at me, and Lord James, amidship, waved both arms and kept hollering for help. I took a couple of everlasting big strokes and managed to grab hold of the skiff's rail, close to the stern.
- The metal bar that makes the track for a railroad.
- 2013 June 1, “Ideas coming down the track”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 13 (Technology Quarterly):
- A “moving platform” scheme […] is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. Local trains would use side-by-side rails to roll alongside intercity trains and allow passengers to switch trains by stepping through docking bays.
- A railroad; a railway, as a means of transportation.
- We travelled to the seaside by rail.
- a small Scottish village not accessible by rail
- rail transport
- A horizontal piece of wood that serves to separate sections of a door or window.
- (surfing) One of the lengthwise edges of a surfboard.
- (Internet) A vertical section on one side of a web page.
- We're experimenting with ads in the right-hand rail.
- (drugs) A large line (portion or serving of a powdery illegal drug).
- 2013, Jason Isbell, "Super 8":
- Do a couple rails and chase your own tail
- 2013, Jason Isbell, "Super 8":
Derived terms[edit]
- anti-rail, antirail
- bullhead rail
- cantrail
- check rail
- cograil
- conductor rail
- fourth rail
- grab rail, grabrail
- guardrail
- handrail
- headrail
- heavy rail
- hitching rail
- light rail
- live rail
- monorail
- Network Rail
- non-rail, nonrail
- pro-rail
- railborne
- railbound
- rail brake
- railbuff
- railbus
- railcar
- railcard
- railfan
- railfanning
- rail fare, railfare
- rail freight
- railgun
- rail head
- railhead
- rail joint, railjoint
- railmotor, rail-motor
- rail replacement service
- railroad
- rail-served
- railtour, rail tour
- rail wagon
- railway
- ride the rails
- running rail
- split rail
- third rail
- towel rail
- tramrail, tram rail
Descendants[edit]
Translations[edit]
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb[edit]
rail (third-person singular simple present rails, present participle railing, simple past and past participle railed)
- (intransitive) To travel by railway.
- 1890, Rudyard Kipling, At the End of the Passage
- Mottram of the Indian Survey had ridden thirty and railed one hundred miles from his lonely post in the desert […]
- 1890, Rudyard Kipling, At the End of the Passage
- (transitive) To enclose with rails or a railing.
- 1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon juris canonici Anglicani
- It ought to be fenced in and railed.
- 1726, John Ayliffe, Parergon juris canonici Anglicani
- (transitive) To range in a line.
- 1622, Francis, Lord Verulam, Viscount St. Alban [i.e. Francis Bacon], The Historie of the Raigne of King Henry the Seventh, […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Matthew Lownes, and William Barret, OCLC 1086746628:
- They were brought to London all railed in ropes, like a team of horses in a cart.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From French râle, Old French rasle. Compare Medieval Latin rallus. Named from its harsh cry, Vulgar Latin *rasculum, from Latin rādere (“to scrape”).
Noun[edit]
rail (plural rails)
Usage notes[edit]
- Not all birds in the family Rallidae are rails by their common name. The family also includes coots, moorhens, crakes, flufftails, waterhens and others.
Derived terms[edit]
- Aztec rail
- banded rail
- buff-banded rail
- clapper rail
- king rail
- mangrove rail
- Mexican rail
- Okinawa rail
- Ridgway's rail
- water rail
Related terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
See also[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
From Middle French railler.
Verb[edit]
rail (third-person singular simple present rails, present participle railing, simple past and past participle railed)
- To complain violently (against, about).
- 1623, William Shakespeare, "The Merchant of Venice" (First folio)
- Till thou canst raile the seale from off my bond
Thou but offend'st thy Lungs to speake so loud:
Repaire thy wit good youth, or it will fall
To endlesse ruine. I stand heere for Law.
- Till thou canst raile the seale from off my bond
- 1882, Mark Twain, The Stolen White Elephant, [2]
- Now that the detectives were in adversity, the newspapers turned upon them, and began to fling the most stinging sarcasms at them. This gave the minstrels an idea, and they dressed themselves as detectives and hunted the elephant on the stage in the most extravagant way. The caricaturists made pictures of detectives scanning the country with spy-glasses, while the elephant, at their backs, stole apples out of their pockets. And they made all sorts of ridiculous pictures of the detective badge—you have seen that badge printed in gold on the back of detective novels no doubt, it is a wide-staring eye, with the legend, “WE NEVER SLEEP.” When detectives called for a drink, the would-be facetious barkeeper resurrected an obsolete form of expression and said, “Will you have an eye-opener?” All the air was thick with sarcasms. But there was one man who moved calm, untouched, unaffected, through it all. It was that heart of oak, the chief inspector. His brave eye never drooped, his serene confidence never wavered. He always said: “Let them rail on; he laughs best who laughs last.”
- 1910, "Saki", H. H. Munro, The Bag,[3]
- The Major’s fury clothed and reclothed itself in words as frantically as a woman up in town for one day’s shopping tries on a succession of garments. He reviled and railed at fate and the general scheme of things, he pitied himself with a strong, deep pity too poignent for tears, he condemned every one with whom he had ever come in contact to endless and abnormal punishments.
- 1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 27:
- Chief Joyi railed against the white man, whom he believed had deliberately sundered the Xhosa tribe, dividing brother from brother.
- 2012 June 4, Lewis Smith, “Queen’s English Society says enuf is enough, innit?: Society formed 40 years ago to protect language against poor spelling and grammar closes because too few people care”, in The Guardian[4], London, archived from the original on 10 March 2016:
- The Queen may be celebrating her jubilee but the Queen's English Society, which has railed against the misuse and deterioration of the English language, is to fold.
- 1623, William Shakespeare, "The Merchant of Venice" (First folio)
Translations[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
From Middle English rail, reil, from Old English hræġl (“garment, dress, robe”). Cognate with Old Frisian hreil, reil, Old Saxon hregil, Old High German hregil (“clothing, garment, dress”).
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
rail (plural rails)
- (obsolete) An item of clothing; a cloak or other garment; a dress.
- (obsolete) Specifically, a woman's headscarf or neckerchief.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Fairholt to this entry?)
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 5[edit]
Probably from Anglo-Norman raier, Middle French raier.
Verb[edit]
rail (third-person singular simple present rails, present participle railing, simple past and past participle railed)
- (obsolete, of a liquid) To gush, flow.
- a. 1472, Thomas Malory, “Capitulum iv”, in [Le Morte Darthur], book V, [London: […] by William Caxton], published 31 July 1485, OCLC 71490786; republished as H[einrich] Oskar Sommer, editor, Le Morte Darthur […], London: Published by David Nutt, […], 1889, OCLC 890162034:
- his breste and his brayle was bloodé – and hit rayled all over the see.
- 1596, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, IV.2:
- So furiously each other did assayle, / As if their soules they would attonce haue rent / Out of their brests, that streames of bloud did rayle / Adowne, as if their springes of life were spent […].
See also[edit]
Anagrams[edit]
Catalan[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- raïl (superseded)
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
rail m (plural rails)
Further reading[edit]
- “rail” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Dutch[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
rail f (plural rails, diminutive railsje n or railtje n)
Usage notes[edit]
The diminutive railsjes is only used if used for railway tracks.[1]
Descendants[edit]
- → Indonesian: rel
References[edit]
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
rail m (plural rails)
Further reading[edit]
- “rail” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Anagrams[edit]
Spanish[edit]
Noun[edit]
rail m (plural railes)
- (rare) Alternative form of raíl
Further reading[edit]
- “rail” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.
- English 1-syllable words
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- en:Rail transportation
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- nl:Rail transportation
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